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41 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
What is a Delusion?
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A false belief based off of a false representation of reality that is held onto despite evidence to the contrary; distortions in thought content
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What is a hallucination?
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A distortion in sensory perception
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What is psychosis?
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False ego boundaries
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What are the positive symptoms of schizophrenia?
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the ones that show an excess or distortion of normal functions like delusions, hallucinations, disorganized speech, disorganized or catatonic behavior
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What are the negative symptoms of schizophrenia?
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Include restrictions in the range and intensity of emotional expression, such as a flattened affect, disturbed fluency and productivity in thought and speech, and in the initiation of goal-oriented behavior (avolition)
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Schneider's 1st Symptoms
What are they? |
1. Hears voices speaking thoughts
2. hears voices arguing about him/her 3. hears voices announcing their actions 4. ascribes special/excessive sig to things that are normal 5. experiences bodily symptoms that he/she attributes to outside circumstances 6. experiences thought insertion 7. believes someone/thing is taking away their thoughts 8. Person believes others can hear his thoughts 9. Person believes his thoughts/feelings are controlled by others 10. Desires & impulses are controlled or given by others 11. Person believes psychomotor activity is controlled by others |
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What is somatic passivity?
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One of Schneider's first symptoms of schizophrenia; when someone experiences bodily symptoms that he/she attributes to outside circumstances
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What is the DSM criteria for Schizophrenia?
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MUST: at least 2 of 5 symptom types for 6 or more months
- delusions - hallucinations - disorganized behavior - negative symptoms - disorganized speech |
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What are the 5 types of symptoms that are needed to diagnose Schizophrenia?
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delusions
hallucinations disorganized behavior negative symptoms disorganized speech |
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What population does Schizophrenia usually appear in? Who does it rarely occur in? Who has a better prognosis?
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Appears most in: teens & 20s
Rare in: children Best prognosis: ppl in developing nations |
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What kinds of signs will you see in someone w/ Schizophrenia?
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disorganized bx, loosened associations, circumstantiality (irrelevant changes in speech), tangentiality, poverty of content, neologisms (forms words by connecting other words and assigning meaning), word salad (complete & utter mush), ideas of reference (add meaning to something normal)
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What are the subtypes of Schizophrenia?
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1. Disorganized- look the craziest; disorg speech & bx
2. Catatonic - odd movements & a stupor 3. Paranoid- appears normal but focused on delusion 4. Residual- 5. Undifferentiated |
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Specifiers used with a diagnosis of Schizophrenia
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Episodic w/Interepisode residual symptoms
Episodic with prominent |
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Episodic With Interepisode Residual Symptoms
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Specifier for when patient features at least 2 of these
1. delusions 2. hallucinations 3. disorganized speech 4. disorganized or catatonic behavior 5. negative symptoms (each is present for a significant portion of time during a 1 month period) AND there are clinically significant residual symptoms btwn episodes (if prominent negative symptoms are present, add this) |
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Schizophrenia- Single Episode in Partial Remision
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experiences at least 2 of 5 (delusions, hallucinations, disorganized speech, disorg/catatonic bx, negative symptoms) for the majority of a 1 month span
when only one episode has featured all of the Criterion A and there are some clinically sig residual symptoms if prominent negative symptoms remain, note them |
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Episodic W/No Interepisode Residual Symptoms
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When episodes feature 2-5 of the symptoms for the majority of 1 month
AND there are no clinically significant residual symptoms btwn episodes |
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Schizophrenia - Continuous
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when the characteristic symptoms of Criteria A are met throughout all or most of the course
AND ADD "w/prominent negative symptoms" if they are there |
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Schizophrenia- w/ Prominent Negative Symptoms
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when the characteristic symptoms of Criteria A are met throughout all or most of the course
AND Prominent Negative Symptoms are present |
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Schizophrenia - Single Episode in Full Remission
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One episode has met Criterion A and no clinically significant residual symptoms remain
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Schizophrenia - other or unspecified pattern
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used if another or an unspecified course pattern has been present
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What are the specifiers for Schizophrenia?
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- episodic w/interepisode residual symptoms (w/ or w/o prominent (-) symptoms)
- episodic w/o interepisode residual symptoms -continuous (w/ or w/o prominent (-) symptoms) - single episode in partial remission (w/ or w/o prominent (-) symptoms -single episode in full remission -other/unspecified pattern |
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List the subtypes for Schizophrenia
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Residual
Undifferentiated Catatonic Disorganized Paranoid |
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How are Schizophrenia, Schizoaffective Disorder, and Mood Disorder w/Psychotic Features different?
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Psychotic symptoms only w/mood disturbance -> MD w/Psych Features
Mood episode concurrent w/active phase symptoms of Schiz, mood present for most of duration ofdisturbance, & delusions/hallucinations for at least 2 weeks in absence of major mood symptoms --> Schizoaffective brief mood symptoms relative to duration of disturbance, only happen during prodromal/residual phases, or don't qualify as mood episode --> Schizophrenia |
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Schizophrenia vs Delusional Disorder
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Bizarre &/or hallucianations etc -> Schizophrenia
nonbizarre --> delusional disorder |
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What are the disorders under Schizophrenia & other Psychotic Disorders?
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Schizophrenia
Schizophreniform Disorder Schizoaffective Disorder Dellusional Disorder Brief PD Shared PD PD Due to GMC Substance-Induced PD PD NOS |
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Name the general diagnostic catagories for Schizophrenia
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A. Characteristic (Active Phase Symptoms)
B. Social/Occupational Dysfunction C. Duration Requirement D. Schizoaffective & Mood Disorder Exclusion E. Substance or General Medical Exclusion F. Conditions Regarding Relationship to a Pervasive Developmental Disorder |
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Name the Diagnostic Criteria for Characteristic Active-Phase Symptoms For Schizophrenia
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At least 2 of the following symptoms appear for a significant portion of a 1 month period:
1. Delusions 2. Hallucinations 3. Disorganized speech 4. Grossly disorganized or catatonic behavior 5. Negative Symptoms |
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Name the Diagnostic Criteria for Characteristic Active-Phase Symptoms For Schizophrenia
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Continuous signs for at least 6 months
At least 1 month meets items "A" active-phase symptoms May include periods of prodromal or residual symptoms During prodromal or residual periods, signs may include only (-) symptoms or at least 2 item "A" active phase symptoms |
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Describe the Diagnostic criteria for Schizophrenia Paranoid Type
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A. Preoccupation w/1 or more delusions or frequent auditory hallucinations
B. None of these is prominent: 1. Disorganized speech 2. Disorganized behavior 3. Catatonic behaviors 4. Flat or inappropriate affect Bx - aloofness, anger, patronizing, later in life; better prognosis |
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Describe the Diagnostic Criteria for Schizophrenia, Disorganized Type
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1. Disorganized speech
2. Disorganized Behavior 3. Flat or inappropriate affect B. Not Catatonic Type Bx - may be silly; poor premorbid personality, early & insidious onset, few significant remissions |
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Describe the Diagnostic Criteria for Schizophrenia, Catatonic Type
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At least two of the following:
1. Motoric immobility 2. Purposeless and excessive motor activity 3. Extreme negativism or mutism 4. Odd voluntary movements or mannerisms 5. Echolalia (parroting) or echopraxia (mirroring mvmnts) * |
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Describe the Diagnostic Criteria for Schizophrenia, Undifferentiated Type
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Item "A" symptoms are present
Not Paranoid, Disorganized, or Catatonic Type |
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Describe the Diagnostic criteria for Schizophrenia, Residual Type
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A. No prominent delusions, hallucinations, disorganized speech, or catatonic or grossly disorganized behavior
B. A continuing disturbance, indicated by either negative symptoms or at least two item "A" active-phase symptoms |
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What is criterion A for Schizophrenia?
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2 or more of the following, each present for majority of 1 month period
1. Delusions 2. Hallucinations 3. Disorganized speech 4. Grossly disorg or catatonic bx 5. (-) symptoms |
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Describe the Diagnostic Criteria for Schizophreniform Disorder
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Duration: 1-6 months
Criterion A - at least 2 (delusions, hallucinations, neg symptoms, disorg speech, disorg/catatonic bx Does NOT req impaired social/occup functioning |
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When is schizophreniform diagnosed?
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1. after patient has recovered
2. while symptomatic but not long enough for schiz (but Provisional) |
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What are Schizophreniform's specifiers?
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w/good prognostic features
IF - 2 or more - 1. onset of prom psych symptoms w/in 4 wks of 1st noticeable change in usual bx 2. confusion/perplexity at height of psychotic ep 3. good premorbid social & occup functioning 4. absence of blunted or flat affect -W/O Good Prognostic Features - if doesn't meet the above |
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Describe the Diagnostic Criteria for Schizoaffective Disorder
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Criterion A from Schiz
+ uninterrupted period of illness during which MDD, Manic, or Mixed Ep occur concurrent w/Crit A +must be delusions/hallucinations for at least 2 wks in absence of major mood symptoms +mood symptoms are usually there * Note if Bipolar or Depressive Type |
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Delusional Disorder - subtypes?
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erotomanic
grandiose jealous persecutory somatic mixed unspecified |
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Describe the Diagnostic Criteria for Delusional Disorder
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Nonbizzare delusions lasting at least 1 month
No functional impairment or odd bx Doesn't meet Crit A |
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Brief Psychotic Disorder - Specifiers?
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W/ or W/O Marked stressors
w/Postpartum onset |