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21 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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schizophrenia |
delusions, hallucinations, disorganized speech, catatonic behavior, negative symptoms |
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brief psychotic disorder |
sudden onset of psychotic symptoms, disorganized speech/behavior, duration is at least 1 episode a day for less than a month |
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schizophrenium disorder |
schizophrenia-like psychoses that last at least 1 month and less than 6 months |
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schizoaffective disorder |
major depressive episode or manic episode that occurs with symptoms of schizophrenia- 2 week period of delusions or hallucinations, mood symptoms present for over 50% of total duration of illness |
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delusional disorder |
1 or more delusions for at least 1 month overall functioning not impaired, not odd behavior -subtype: erotomania |
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delusions |
erroneous belief that is fixed and firmly held despite clear evidence -disturbance in content of thought ex: made feelings, thought broadcasting, thought withdraw |
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hallucinations |
sensory experiences that seem real, but occurs in absence of any external perceptual stimuli -auditory is most common |
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disorganized speech |
external manifestation of thought form, failure to make sense -derailment, word salad -neologisms: made up words |
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disorganized behavior |
goal-directed activity disrupted, may not maintain minimal standard of hygiene |
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catatonia |
striking behavior disturbances, may show a virtual absence of speech and movement, hold unusual posture |
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positive symptoms |
excess or distortion in a normal repertoire of behavior and experience -delusions and hallucinations |
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negative symptoms |
absence of behaviors that are normally present -emotions -Alogia: lack of speech Avolition: lack of desire, drive Anhedonia: lack of pleasure |
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prevalence male to female ratio men onset women onset |
.5-1.5% 1.4:1 18-25 25-35 (estrogen protecting factor?) |
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risks and casual factors |
-twins: increase for MZ than DZ twins -molecular: unlikely its linked to 1 gene -dopamine hypothesis: too much in neural synapses serotonin: negative symptoms |
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cont. |
-prenatal viral infection, rh incompatibility, early nutritional deficiency, birth complications, maternal stress -urban living, immigration, cannabis abuse |
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diathesis-stress model |
genetic factors--> brain prenatal and perinatal events--> vulnerability-->
stress--> developmental maturation process--> psychosis |
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clinical outcome of schizophrenia |
38% function 15-25 years later
long-term institution is 12%
signs of illness with neg. symptoms is 33% |
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increased rates of mortality? |
4x higher
suicide and cancer |
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treatment |
antipsychotics- block dopamine receptors -reduce positive symptoms -psychoeducation -CBT -social skills training -supported employment -cognitive remediation |
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typical antipsychotic side effects |
Tardive Dyskinesia -marked involuntary movements of lips, tongue , hands and neck |
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Atypical |
less likely to produce tardive dyskinesia -60% stop using after 18 months |
