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22 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the s/sx of positive symptoms?
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Hallucinations, delusions, disorganized speech/behavior
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What are negative symptoms?
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Flat effect, poor attention, lack of attention
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What side effects are prominent with 1st gen antipsychotics?
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EPS, anticholinergic, sedation, decreased blood pressure
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What is Parkinsonism and how do you treat it?
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Bradykinesia, rigidity, tremor, akinesia.
Treat with anticholinergic like benztropine or trihexyphenidyl |
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What is Dystonia and how do you treat it?
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Treat with anticholinergics. Torticollis, laryngospasm
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What is akathisia and how do you treat it?
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Restlessness and inability to stay still or calm. More responsive to lipophilic beta blockers like propranolol
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What is tardive dyskinesia and how do you treat it?
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Result of long term antipsychotic therapy. May need to switch to atypical antispychotic or clozapine--> not associated with TD.
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What is neuroleptic malignant syndrome?
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Appears mostly with high potency agents. Manigested with agitation, confusion, fever, tachycardia.
Give supportive tx, fluids, bromocriptine and dantrolene have been used |
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What endocrine effects do antipsychotics have?
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All can cause galactorrhea, menstrual changes, or hyperprolactinemia.
Atypicals have been associated with diabetes and metabolic syndrome |
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How is weight gain an issue with antipsychotics?
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Occurs with up to 40% of patients, low potency agents have higher risk
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What antipsychotics can cause corneal deposits?
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Low potency agents such as thioridazine and chlorpromazine
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What are the positive characteristics of clozapine?
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Not commonly associated with EPS or tardive dyskinesia, may lead to improvement in negative symptoms. Also may be responsive for patients who do not respond to typical agents
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What are the serious side effects of clozapine?
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Agranulocytosis, weight gain, sedation, hypersalivation, orthostatic hypotension
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What are the common side effects of risperidone?
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Sedation, orthostatic hypotension, weight gain, sexual dysfunction, and hyperprolactinemia.
Available in IM format. Bridging to IM requires 3 week bridge since its given every 2 weeks. |
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What are the characteristics and ADE's of olanzapine?
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No agranulocytosis, unlike clozapine. Common side effects are sedation, hypotension, and weight gain.
Also available as a long acting formulation, Zyprexa Relprevv given every 2-4 weeks |
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What are the characteristics of quetiapine (seroquel)?
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Low incidence of EPS. Preferred antipsychotic if psychosis occurs in a patient with Parkinsons
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What are the characteristics of ziprasidone (Geodone)
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less weight gain than other atypicals. May increase QT interval.
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What are the characteristics of arirpiprazole
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Dopamine-serotonin stabilizing agent. It has a low risk of EPS and tardive dyskinesia. Most common side effects are headache, anxiety, insomnia, GI complaints, constipation
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What are the characteristics of Asenapine (Saphris)?
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New atypical approved for acute manic and mixed episodes of bipolar I disorder and available as a sublingual.
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Iloperidone (Fanapt)
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New SGA that has a low risk metabolic effects. Higher risk of orthostasis
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Lurasidone (Latuda)
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New antispychotic with low metabolic, cardiac and EPs effects
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What adjunctive meds can you use in schizophrenia?
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Lithium: augment antipsychotic action
Anticonvulsants: may be beneficial in agitated or violent behavior BZD: acute phase for agitation or anxiety |
