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28 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Acute cardiovascular response |
Increased Cardiac output Stroke volume Heart rate Oxygen uptake Systolic blood pressure Blood flow to active muscles Decreased Diastolic bp |
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Acute respiratory response |
AE has greatest impact on oxygen uptake and carbon dioxide production |
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MET |
Metabolic equivalent for task 3.5 ml O2 per kg of body weight per minute |
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End diastolic bp |
Amt blood available to be pumped in the end of filling the heart chambers right before pump |
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Frank sterling mechanism |
Stroke volume increases with increased heart volume. Muscle fibers of heart stretch to increase volume |
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Most oxygen in blood is carried by |
Hemoglobin |
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OBLA |
Onset of blood lactate accumulation: when lactic acid begins to accumulate |
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Chronic cardio adapt |
Increased Max cardiac output, stroke volume, fiber capillary density (capillaries around heart grow) |
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Bradycardia |
Slower RHR 40-60 bpm |
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Chronic respiratory adapt |
Increased tidal volume and breathing frequency with max exercise |
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Chronic neural adapt |
Efficiency increases and fatigue is delayed |
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Chronic muscular adapt |
Greater ease with absolute intensity (pushing lactic acid threshold) |
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Glycogen sparing effect |
Less glycogen used during exercise. Can increase duration while maintaining intensity |
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Greater oxidative capacity type 1 or type 2 |
Type 1 |
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Type 2a vs type 2x |
Type 2a greater O2 capacity |
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Mitochondria |
Increase in size and number |
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Myoglobin |
Increases with AE |
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Altitude training |
Changes begin to occur at elevations greater than 3900 ft, 1200 m |
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Altitude training effects return to normal |
10-14 days after coming down |
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Altitude training for 3-6 weeks |
Increases RBC O2 diffusion through capillaries Capillarization |
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Hyperoxic breathing |
Breathing oxygen enriched gas mixtures during rest may affect ex. Performance |
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Smoking |
Swollen bronchioles results in shortness of breath |
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Carboxyhemoglobin |
Carbon monoxide reaches hemoglobin faster. Increased HR and BP |
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Blood doping |
Artificially increasing RBC count to improve performance Inject RBC directly into blood stream or injection EPO to stimulate RBC |
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Female aerobic power |
73-85% of men Females lower levels of hemoglobin |
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Creatine kinase |
Catalyst for ATP release. Helps cells function when muscles contract |
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High levels of CK indicate |
Damaged muscle Heart attack occurred Or renal failure |
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Active recovery |
Not stressful on muscles Promotes movement Improves blood flow to muscles for recovery |
