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38 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Which structures are part of the Conduction zone? |
- Nasal cavity - Larynx - Trachea - Bronchus |
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What is Vibrissa, and the function? |
stiff hair around the mouth/nasal cavity (nostril hair) function as filter of large particles |
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What are the functions of sinuses |
- Turbulence for warming air - phonation (speech sounds) |
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Which structure is part of the upper respiratory tract? |
Pharynx |
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Which structure(s) are part of the lower respiratory tract and what is the length? |
- larynx - Trachea - 25 cm |
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Where is the Carina located? |
At the T5 level |
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What structures are part of the Respiratory zone? |
- Bronchioles (primary, secondary, terminal), - alveolar sacs |
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What are the pleural layers of the lung |
- parietal (attached to the thoracic cavity) - Viceral (attached to the lung) |
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What type of blood does pulmonary artery contain and what is the pathway? |
- Deoxygenated
- heart TO lung |
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What type of blood does Pulmonary veins contain and what is the pathway? |
- Oxygenated - Lung TO heart |
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Which vessels bring oxygenated blood supply to the lungs? and which vessels take away the deoxygenated blood used by kidney? |
- Bronchial artery (oxygenated) - Bronchial veins (decoxygenated) |
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Which cavity holds the paired organs (lungs)? |
Thoracic cavity |
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What is the functional unit of the lungs? |
Ascinus |
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What is the ascinus composed of? |
- Alveoli - Capillary vessels |
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What type of tissue lines the alveoli? |
Simple squamous epithelium |
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What cells are within the alveoli and their function? |
- Pneumocyte type 1 (gas exchange) - Pneumoctye type ll (surfactant) - Alveolar macrophage |
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By which process does the gas exchange occur? |
Passive process |
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Define ventilation |
Process by which gases are exchange between the atmosphere and the alveoli (not the exchange of gases at alveoli) |
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Define inspiration |
inhalation of atmospheric gases through. an active process requiring the action of the respiratory muscles |
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Define expiration |
exhalation of gases into the atmosphere. A Passive process resulting from the recoil of the chest wall & lungs |
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What is the atmospheric pressure? |
760 mmHg |
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What is the pressure within the alveoli during inhalation? |
758 mmHg |
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What is the pressure within the pleural cavity during inhalation? |
754 mmHg |
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What is the alveolar pressure during exhalation? |
762 mmHg |
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What is the pressure within the pleural cavity during exhalation? |
756 mmHg |
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Define Tidal Volume (TV) |
Amount of air that moves in & out of the airways during normal quiet breathing |
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What percentage of air reaches the respiratory bronchioles and out |
70% |
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What percentage of air remains in anatomical dead zone |
30% |
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Define Minute ventilation |
total volume of air taken in one minute |
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Define Alveolar ventilatory rate |
Volume of air per minute reaching the alveoli |
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Define Inspiratory reserve volume (I.R.V.) |
amount of air taken in AFTER normal amount of air is taken in (deep breath part AFTER normal inhalation) |
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Define Expiratory reserve volume (E.R.V.) |
Amount of air forcefully exhaled AFTER normal exhalation has occured |
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Define Forced expiratory volume/1 sec (FEV1) |
volume of air exhaled in 1 second following a maximal inhalation (forced inhalation in, FAST breath out and the amount of air you exhaled in the 1 second is measured) |
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Define residual volume |
Volume of air remaining in the lung that cannot be measured |
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Define Inspiratory capacity |
total inspiratory ability of the lungs (TV + inspiratory reserve volume, 3,600 ml) |
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Define the functional residual capacity |
respiratory volume + E.R.V. (2, 400 ml) |
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How much is the vital capacity (V.C.) (i.e. which capacities make up the vital capacity) |
I.R.V. + TV + E.R.V. (4,800 ml) |
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Define the Total lung capacity and how much is it? |
Sum of all the volumes (6,000 ml) |
