Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
flat skin lesion, not raised, discolored, < 1 and > 1 cm:
non-pustular, non-vesicular raised lesion < 1 and > 1 cm: blister, filled with fluid, < 1 and > 1 cm: |
macule < 1 cm, patch > 1 cm
papule < 1 cm, nodule > 1 cm vesicle < 1 cm, bulla > 1 cm |
|
|
leukocyte filled lesion:
broad, elevated lesion Secondary skin lesions: |
pustule
plaque scales, crusts, erosions, fissures, eschar |
|
|
2 y/o w/ erythematous papular rash on trunk, face, spares peri-oral and peri-nasal regions, diaper:
Pathology? Treatment? Classic locations? |
atopic dermatitis
T-cell mediated immune response to contact, irritant, food, etc moisture, anti-pruritics, anti-inflammatory, allergy avoidance AC fossa, behind ears |
|
|
53 y/o man with boggy, hot leg with erythematous lesion, fever:
Tissues involved: Treatment? |
cellulitis
skin, soft tissue, not muscle Proper Abx - usually Staph or Strep |
|
|
25 y/o with painful erythematous nodules 2-6 cm on anterior leg/forearm, lower leg swelling/edema:
Etiology? Treatment? |
erythema nodosum
hypersensitivity reaction to infection, meds, allergens; also higher risk in sarcoidosis Anti-inflammatorys, rest |
|
|
17 y/o with elevated, red plaques with well-defined margins, silvery surface, thick thumb nails:
What is Koebner's sign, Aupstitz sign, and Woronoff's ring? Three major types? |
psoriasis
Koebner's - scratch the lesion, it spreads Ausptitz - peel lesion off, see pinpoint bleeding (pathognomic) Woronoff's ring - psoriasis goes away, leaves an erythematous plaque plaque, pustular, guttate (post Strep) |
|
|
usually seen in immunocompromised, reactivation of VZV:
Clinical findings and complications? Pathology? Treatment? |
Herpes zoster (shingles)
local radicular pain 2-3 days prior, then spreads along a dermatome; disseminated zoster, herpes ophthalmicus, post-herpetic neuralgia Steel-gray nuclei, multinucleated giant cells, eosinophilic intranuclear inclusions antivirals, pain management |
|
|
Etiology and pathology of psoriasis vulgaris:
Genetic risk factor? What drugs can cause flareups? Chronic inflammation increases risk of what? |
1% of US population, chronic, remissions and flare-ups, caused by T-cell immune response; caused by environment, smoking, sun, alcohol, trauma, drugs
HLA B13 Lithium, BB's, NSAIDs Staph infection |
|
|
Usually seen on scalp/face/chest, caused by P. ovale:
Pathology? Caused by C. minutissimum, normal flora G+ rod, chronic, affects diabetics: Type of lesion, and where is it usually found? What light do you use? |
Seborrheic dermatitis
abnormal immune response to P. ovale, free fatty acid release erythrasma Red/brown scaly macule with erosive collarrette-like scale; seen on toes, groin, axilla; use a Woods lamp |
|
|
5 P's of lichen planus:
Found with which hepatitis? Clinical symptoms and lesion type? What is Wickham's stria? Treatment? |
Purple, Pruritic, Polygonal, Papule, Plaques
Hep C Painful white plaques in oral cavity, painful/burning lesions on wrist, nails white lines visible in lesions topical steroids, UV therapy |
|
|
rosy/pink colored scaly patches or plaques, seen in Christmas tree pattern, usually seen in spring/summer:
Pathology? Name for single scaly patch that shows up first: Treatments? |
pityriasis rosea
viral xanthem, increased CD4/Langerhans cells, unknown etiology herald patch UV light therapy - steroids don't do a whole lot |
|
|
superficial infection of the skin, scaling eruptions that occur on trunk,extremities; thick brittle nails:
Pathlogy? |
tinea corporis - "2 foot, 1 hand disease"
non-living cornified skin, hair, nail |
|
|
Orange-red plaques with follicular hyperkeratosis, islands of sparing:
Etiology? Treatments? What should you be careful of? |
pityriasis rubra pilaris
autosomal dominant, many features of Vitamin A deficiency Retinol (Accutane, etc) - don't give to pregnant patients or people wanting to get pregnant |
|
|
Also called mycosis fungiodes:
Who usually is affected? What should you check for? Lesion appearance? Atypical T-cells being released into the blood: Dx and Tx? |
Cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL)
>50 y/o, M 27:1 F; lymphadenopathy red/brown, scaly, itchy, round/oval/bizarre shape Sezary syndrome Dx - CXR, CBC w/ buffy coat Tx - topical N mustards, PUVA |
|
|
Permanently scarring atopic photosensitizing dermatosis, erythematous lesions all over the body:
Pathology? Dx? Tx? |
discoid lupus erythematosus
Hsp's induced by UV light - immune response Dx with ANA titer, biopsy Tx with sunscreen, topical steroids, IM steroids, surgery, anti-malarials |
|
|
Who is more affected by drug eruptions?
Lesion appearance? Normal response to killing of bacteria/fungi by appropriate agent: Dx? Tx? |
immunocompromised
Variety, but 30-50% are morbilliform, erythematous macular/papular eruption with minimal scaling; usually appear 2 weeks later Jarisch-Herxheimer GOOD HISTORY, blood, biopsy, clinical exam Treat with steroids, antihistamines |
|
|
Bullous/non-bullous, "honey-crusted" plaques, caused by GABHS or Staph:
who usually is affected? lesion appearance? Treatment? Complications? |
impetigo
neonates, infants flaccid, <1cm bulla, usually ruptured Appropriate abx increased risk of glomerulonephritis |
|
|
Toxin-mediated exfoliative dermatitis, usually S. aureus type 2:
How to differentiate from TEN? What is Nikolsky's sign? |
Staph scalded skin syndrome
blisters in granular layer of epidermis spliting the desmosomes epidermis peels when pushed |
|
|
Scaling, eroded plaques across face, scalp, Ab's against desmoglein 3:
Pathology? Lateral pressure on the bulla causes it to spread: Associated with what diseases? Dx/Tx? |
pemphigus vulgaris
IGG Auto-Ab's against desmoglein, loss of adhesion between keratinocytes, circulating IGG Asboe-Hansen sign myasthenia gravis, thymoma Dx with IF staining, Tx with prednisone; refer to ophthalmologist |
|
|
Causes oral and genital lesions, vesicular erythematous lesions:
What is herpetic whitlow? Herpes gladiatorum? Major complication? |
HSV 1,2
Whitlow - surgeons getting it from tears in gloves gladiatorum - wrestler's ears herpes encephalitis - 60-80% mortality |
|
|
Chronic, autoimmune, subepidermal blistering disease that RARELY involves the oral mucosa:
Ab's against what? Dx? Tx? |
Bullous pemphigoid
basement membrane Cx, H&E, IF staining oral steroids |
|
|
Idiopathic photodermatosis, related to sun exposure:
What type of hypersensitivity reaction? Dx? Tx? |
polymorphous light eruption
Type IV Biopsy topical/PO/IM steroids, anti-malarials |
|
|
Immune-mediated response in gluten enteropathy;
Pathology? Clinical features? Dx? Tx? |
Dermatitis herpetiformis
Circulating immune complexes, IGA gets deposited in bowel, skin ITCHY, pruritic blisters, urticaria, bullae; H&E, IF stain Dapsone, gluten-free diet |
|
|
Benign self-limited eruption classically seen as targetoid, iris shaped macules on palms, soles:
Pathology? What drugs can cause it? Tx? |
Erythema multiforme
HSV-mediated immune response - primarily due to infection Sulfa, phenytoin, PCN, allopurinol antiviral meds |
|
|
Dermatologic emergency, extensive full thickness skin detachment, eroded skin:
Major causes? Most common? Clinical appearance? Tx? |
Toxic epidermal necrolysis
SLE, HIV, infections - most common is new medication Prodromal symptoms, then morbilliform EM-type eruption, sheet-like epidermal loss, +Nikolsky's sign D/C drug, send to burn unit, IVIG, prevent from infection |
