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19 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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In the thoracic and lumbar region, a nerve root will exit the intervertebral foramen ___________ the corresponding vertebrae
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BELOW.
L4 nerve root will exit between L4 and L5 but above the Intervertebral disc. |
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Defect in the closure of the lamina of vertebral segment
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Spina Bifida
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NO herniation thru defect. Usually just a patch of hair. rarely associated with neuro deficits.
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spina bifida occulta
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a herniation of the meninges through the defect
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spina bifida meningocele
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a herniation of the meninges and the nerve roots through the defect. associated with neuro deficits
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spina bifida meningomyelocele
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Main motion of the lumbar spine?
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Flexion and Extension
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How will SB and Rotation of L5 effect the sacrum?
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1. SB of L5 will cause a sacral oblique axis to be engaged on the SAME side.
2. Rotation of L5 will cause the sacrum to rotate toward OPPOSITE side. |
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What's Ferguson's Angle? What's the normal value?
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Intersection of the horizontal line and line of inclination of the SACRUM.
This angle is normally 25-35 degrees. An increase in ferguson's angle causes a sheer stress placed on lumbosacral joint, often causing low back pain. |
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Where do 90% of herniated discs occur?
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L4-5 and L5-S1.
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A herniated disc in the lumbar region will exert pressure on the nerve root of the vetebrae _________________.
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BELOW
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What is the gold standard for diagnosing herniated NP?
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MRI
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Increased pain when standing/walking, (+) Thomas test, tender point medial to ASIS, nonneutral dysfunction of L1 or L2......
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Psoas Syndrome
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Worsened by extension as when standing, walking, lying down. XR shows osteophytes and decreased IVD space. Foraminal narrowing may often been seen on oblique views.
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Spinal Stenosis
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Treatment of spinal stenosis?
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OMT, PT, Nsaids, epidural, or surgical laminectomy.
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Anterior displacement of 1 vertebrae in relation to the one below. Most common @ L4-L5 and usually due to fatigue fractures in pars interarticularis of the vertebrae
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Spondylolisthesis
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How do you grade spondylolisthesis?
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Grade 1 = 0 -25%
Grade 2 = 25-50% Grade 3 = 50-75% Grade 4 = 75% or greater |
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What is a defect in the pars interarticularis WITHOUT anterior displacement of the vertebral body?
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spondylolysis
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Oblique XR shows fracture of the par interarticularis. Its is often seen as a collar on the neck of the scotty dog
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spondylolysis
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A radiographic term for degenerative changes within the IVD and ankylosing of adjacent vertebral bodies.
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spondylosis
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