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40 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Levator ani and Coccygeus
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What two muscles make up the pelvic diaphragm?
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Superior Transverse Axis
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Around what axis of the sacrum does respiratory motion occur?
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S2
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What level is the super transverse axis of the sacrum at?
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Posterior
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During inhalation, what direction does the sacral base move?
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Superior Transverse Axis
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Around what axis of the sacrum does Craniosacral (inherent) motion occur?
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Posterior
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During craniosacral flexion, what direction does the sacrum move?
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Counternutation
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What is another name for the posterior movement of the sacral base?
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Anterior
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During cransiosacral extension, what direction does the sacrum move?
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Nutation (Nod forward)
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What is another name for anterior movement of the sacral base?
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Middle Transverse Axis
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Around what axis of the sacrum does postural motion occur?
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DRIP (Dynamic, Respiratory, Inherent/Innominate, Postural)
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What are the 4 physiologic axes of the sacrum and innominates?
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Sacral Oblique Axes
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Around what sacral axes does dynamic motion occur during ambulation?
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Opposite oblique axis
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When weight bearing on one leg, which oblique axis is engaged?
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Inferior Transverse Axis
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Around which sacral axis does innominate rotation occur?
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S4
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What level is the inferior transverse axis at?
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S3
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What level is the middle transverse axis at?
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Positive Standing Flexion Test
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In innominate dysfunction, the side of the dysfunction is on the side of what?
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Tight Quadriceps
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What is the cause of anterior innominate somatic dysfunction?
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Tight Hamstrings
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What is the cause of posterior innominate somatic dysfunction?
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Ipsilateral fall or missed step
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What are the 2 most common causes of superior innominate shear?
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Trauma or Tight Rectus Abdominus
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What are the 2 most common causes of superior pubic shear?
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Trauma or Tight Adductors
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What are the 2 most common causes of inferior pubic shear?
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Iliosacral Dysfunction
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Standing Flexion Test indicates what?
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Sacroiliac Dysfunction
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Seated Flexion Test indicates what?
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Superior Pole
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Sacral oblique axes are named for what?
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Same Side
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When L5 is sidebent, which sacral oblique axis is engaged?
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Opposite Side
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When L5 is rotated, which direction is the sacrum rotated?
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Opposite Oblique Axis
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When a positive seated flexion test is found, which side is the oblique axis engaged?
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Forward Torsion (or unilateral flexion)
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Negative spring test indicates which type of torsion?
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Backward Torsion (or unilateral extension)
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Positive spring test indicates which type of torsion?
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Same Side
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In a forward torsion, rotation is on which side compared to the axis?
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Opposite Side
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In a backward torsion, rotation is on which side compared to the axis?
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Bilateral Sacral Flexion
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What is the most common dysfunction of the sacrum in post-partum patients?
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L5 (Sacral dysfunction will often resolve with treatment of L5)
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If L5 and Sacral dysfunction are both present (as is usually the case), which should be treated first?
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L1 or L2 (flexed, sidebent and rotated to the same side as the iliopsoas contracture)
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A psoas syndrome will often cause dysfunction where?
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Ilium, Ischium, Pubis
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What three bones make up the innominate?
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20
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By what age doees teh innominate usually fuse?
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Sacrospinous Ligament
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What ligament divides the greater and lesser sciatic foramen?
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Iliolumbar Ligament
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What is usually the first ligament to become painful in lumbosacral decompensation?
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Anterior, Posterior, and Interosseous
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What are the true pelvic ligaments (sacroiliac ligaments)?
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