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311 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
candid |
completely honest, straightforward |
Candace’s candidness overwhelmed her business |
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conjecture |
inference; guesswork |
At this point, Kimaya’s hypothesis about single-cell |
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didactic
die DAK tik |
instructive |
The tapes were entertaining and didactic; they both |
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effusive |
showing excessive emotion; overflowing |
Accepting his Oscar for Best Supporting Sound |
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euphemism |
a mild, indirect, or vague term substituting for a harsh, |
“To pass away” is a common euphemism for dying. |
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extrapolate |
use specific details to make a general comment. |
For example, if you travel to Canada and encounter only friendly, kind natives, you might extrapolate that all Canadians are friendly. |
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incoherent |
lacking cohesion or connection |
Maury’s sentences were so incoherent that nobody |
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insinuate |
imply or suggest something that may or may not be true. |
“I insinuated that I did not like his wife” |
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loquacius |
very talkative |
I’m not eloquent, so I’ll just come out and say it: |
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lucid |
easily understood; clear |
Our teacher provides lucid explanations of even the |
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rhetoric |
art of persuasive speaking or writing. |
Since they are expected to make speeches, most |
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acumen |
quickness, accuracy, and keenness of judgment or |
Judge Ackerman’s legal acumen was so well |
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adroit |
clever and skillful |
For a guy whose wife does all the cooking, he is surprisingly adroit in the kitchen. |
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ascertain |
to find out something |
The private investigator had long suspected my dog; |
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astute |
shrewd; clever |
Stewart is financially astute; he invests wisely and |
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circumspect |
careful, prudent, discreet |
Ned’s circumspect manner makes him a wise |
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disseminate |
to scatter widely, as in sowing seed |
The news about Dave’s embarrassing moment at the |
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erudition |
deep, extensive learning |
Professor Rudy’s erudition was such that she could |
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pedantic |
excessively concerned with book learning and formal |
Pedro’s pedantic tendencies prompted him to |
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perspicacious |
shrewd; clear-sighted |
Persephone’s perspicacious mind had solved so |
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pragmatic |
practical |
Never one for wild and unrealistic schemes, Matt |
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precocious |
exhibiting unusually early intellectual aptitude or |
Bobby Fisher’s precocious intellect made him one of |
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prolific |
very productive; producing great qualities |
Charles Harold St. John Hamilton was the world’s |
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prospectus |
formal proposal |
Before writing my thesis, I had to submit a detailed |
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rudimentary |
basic; elementary; in the earliest stages of development |
Josh’s rudimentary golf skills were easily |
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abstruse |
difficult to understand |
Youngsters can tackle topics as apparently abstruse as algorithms, binary numbers, Boolean circuits, and cryptographic protocols. |
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callous |
emotionally hardened; unfeeling |
If you laugh at your little sister while she's trying to show you her poetry, you're being callous |
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disaffected |
having lost faith or loyalty; discontent |
The disaffected cat trainer had finally quit his job |
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enigma |
a puzzle, mystery, or riddle |
The emu was an enigma; you could never tell what |
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inscrutable |
difficult to fathom or understand; impenetrable |
The ancient poet’s handwriting was so inscrutable, |
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reticent |
inclined to keep silent; reserved |
Rosanna’s reticent behavior caused the interviewer |
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staid |
unemotional; serious |
Mr. Estado was well known for his staid demeanor; |
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arcane |
known or understood by only a few |
The dusty archive includes an arcane treasure trove |
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assimilate |
If you are trying to fit in, you are trying toassimilate |
If someone moves to another country, he or she will need to assimilate by adapting to and taking in the language, culture and customs of the new place. |
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autonomy |
independence; self-determination |
Candice gained autonomy upon moving out of her |
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cosmopolitan |
worldly; widely sophisticated |
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unprecedented |
not known, experienced, or done before. |
If you've never gone on a family beach vacation but you're planning one now, you could refer to it as an unprecedented decision. |
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downtrodden |
abused or oppressed by people in power |
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sublime |
awe-inspiringly grand, excellent, or impressive |
You might describe a spine-tingling piece of music as "a work of sublime beauty." |
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behemoth |
something big and powerful. |
You can call both a Tyrannosaurus Rex and a massive telecommunications company abehemoth. |
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vapid |
Vapid is an adjective to describe someone or something that is dull or uninspiring. |
But of its five works, at least three made this art form look vapid and unimportant. |
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regression |
returning to a former state |
If you've been trying to break your sugar habit but one day eat several pieces of cake, that's regression. |
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feral |
wild, untamed animal |
When animal control finds a feral dog, they have to handle it very carefully because the animal is so wild that it's probably afraid of humans and likely to bite. |
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fretful |
nervous and unable to relax ; habitually complaining |
You might be fretful — upset and fidgety — if you're waiting to hear whether or not you've been accepted into a competitive summer music program. |
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expunge |
cross out / eliminate |
After Nicholas proved he had been in school on the day in question, the absence was expunged from his record. |
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prudent |
careful and sensible; marked by sound judgment |
If you're getting in trouble, it is probably prudent to keep your mouth closed and just listen. |
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sagacious |
wise and insightful |
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insightful |
thinking that sees beyond the obvious and expresses an original thought. |
the chapter is insightful and suggestive of new perspectives |
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consign |
give over to another for care or safekeeping |
You can consign ownership of your old car to your son, an act that will probably make you the "best parent ever" in his eyes |
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Invigorate |
give strength or energy to something or someone |
You might need to invigorate yourself when you first wake up in the morning, with a cup of coffee or a shower to get you going for the day. |
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jaded |
exhausted |
If you've done something so much that it doesn't excite you anymore but just leaves you tired, consider yourself jaded. |
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debilitating |
impairing the strength and vitality |
Something that's debilitating seriously affects someone or something's strength or ability to carry on with regular activities, like a debilitating illness. |
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ambivalent |
having mixed feelings about something |
If you can't decide how you feel about something, declare yourself ambivalentabout it. |
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fortuitious |
by chance, like a lucky accident. |
If you and your best friend's families happen to go on vacation to the same place at the same time, that’s afortuitous coincidence! |
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convoluted |
intricate and hard to understand. |
The more convoluted the explanation becomes, the more confused children become. |
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quandary |
a tough situation that will be really hard to resolve. |
Some voters find themselves in a quandary when they dislike all of the candidates. |
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stymie |
obstruct or hinder. |
Constantly texting with your friends willstymie your effort to finish your homework. |
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benevolent |
intending or showing kindness; generous in providing aid to others |
“a benevolent society” |
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impetuous
|
Someone impetuous acts too hastily or carelessly.
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If you're a careful person who thinks everything through and doesn't act rashly, then you're not very impetuous.
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meticulous |
people having extreme attention to detail. |
if that person is, say, your surgeon or your accountant, you'll want them to be meticulous. |
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prodigal |
describe someone who spends too much money, or something very wasteful. |
Your prodigal spending on fancy coffee drinks might leave you with no money to buy lunch. |
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prodigy |
who is so naturally talented at something that they become a master of that particular skill as a child |
you can be a musical prodigy or a math prodigy. Mozart was one, writing symphonies and playing for kings when he was only five years old. |
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spiteful |
act in a mean way, with a desire to hurt someone |
If your little brother was driving you crazy, you could calmly ignore him — or you could give him aspiteful pinch. |
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iniquitous |
immoral or wicked |
a movie that encourages people to take violent action against a minority group? That's iniquitous because the movie's message is grossly immoral. |
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detrimental |
formal way of saying "harmful." |
Smoking may be detrimental to your health |
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aesthetic |
subject at hand is beauty or the arts. |
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revulsion |
intense, violent, sometimes physical, dislike of something. |
You may feel revulsion at the thought of seeing a horror movie, but other people can't wait to be scared by the latest zombie or slasher flick. |
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diligent |
works hard and carefully |
If you want to write the epic history of your family, you'll have to be very diligent in tracking down and interviewing all of your relatives. |
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gregarious |
outgoing, sociable, and fond of the company of others |
“he is a gregarious person who avoids solitude” |
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dissemble |
pretend, hide under a false appearance, to deceive. |
"My boyfriend was dissembling the whole time. He was a married father of two." |
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egalitarian |
believes in the equality of all people |
egalitarian society gives everyone equal rights. |
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adulation |
exaggerated and hypocritical praise |
If you've ever been to a pop concert filled with screaming fans you've probably been exposed to adulation |
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innocuous |
isn't harmful or likely to cause injury. |
An innocuous question is innocently curious, rather than aimed to hurt someone's feelings. |
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ambiguous |
having more than one possible meaning |
“frustrated by ambiguous instructions, the parents were unable to assemble the toy” |
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ominous |
something unpleasant or threatening |
If you see an ominous frown on your boss's face, you're in trouble! |
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resentful |
if you are resentful of someone, you feel ill will toward him, mixed with envy, |
You are resentful when a newer coworker gets the promotion you've been working toward for years. |
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omniscient |
to know everything |
This often refers to a special power of God. |
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guerrilla |
small underground army, usually trying to overcome a larger and more organized force. |
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hostile |
unfriendly |
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elicit |
creating or provoking a response |
A good comedianelicits a lot of laughs. |
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illicit |
illegal, not allowed by law or custom |
An illicit drug trade is one that happens under the radar of the law. |
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incite |
cause to act or occur |
Violent words can incite violent actions which, in turn, might incite public outcry against violence. |
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esoteric |
intended for or understood by only a small group |
Marks++ is an esoteric app |
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gaffe |
socially awkward or tactless act |
If you run into a friend out with her grey-haired father, and you blurt out, "Oh, hi, you must be Tara's grandfather!" then you've made a gaffe. |
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idiosyncrasy |
peculiar behaviour ; characteristic peculiar to an individual or group |
If you only say goodbye in French, never in English, that would be an idiosyncrasy. |
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insular |
having a narrow view of the world |
insular people who never leave their small town, which enables them to believe that every place in the world is the same and the people are all just like them. |
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potentate (n) |
a person so powerful they don't have to follow the rules that govern everyone else |
Potentate normally refers to a king or dictator, but you can call anyone with virtually unlimited power a potentate. |
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castigate |
punish, and punish harshly ; criticize severely |
If you take a mean teacher's books, even accidentally, you might worry that she's going to castigateyou as soon as she finds out. |
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censure (n) |
referring to very strong criticism |
If you take your dad's car without telling him, you can expect him to censureyou severely, and maybe even ground you as well. |
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denounce |
speak out against |
When you stand on your desk and tell the class that your partner is cheating, you denounce him or her. |
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condemn |
openly criticize, someone who is behaving inappropriately |
If you are an animal rights activist, you would probably condemn someone for wearing fur. |
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reclusive |
desire for seclusion or privacy |
Grocery shopping late at night is a reclusive habit, because few people are in the store then. |
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relinquish |
to retire from; give up or abandon |
You relinquish control of the army when you resign as general. |
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renounce |
to give up (a title, for example), especially by formal |
To renounce liberty is to renounce being a man, to surrender the rights of humanity and even its duties. |
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vituperative |
criticism that's so sharp it hurts. |
Avituperative review of a movie would make the director bitter for months. |
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circumscribe |
to limit or restrict |
If you spend too much time watching TV instead of fulfilling other obligations, you might circumscribe your TV-watching time to one hour daily (or two hours, if your favorite show is on). |
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contigiuous |
Use the adjective contiguous when you want to describe one thing touching another thing, or next to it but not actually touching. |
Utah and the contiguous state of Idaho |
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conciliatory |
things that make other people less angry. |
If you're in a fight with a friend and you want to end it, you should make a conciliatorygesture, such as inviting her to a party you're having. |
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credible |
honest and believable |
A pathological liar, for example, might not be the most credible witness for your case against the bank robber. |
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exonerate |
declare him not guilty of criminal charges |
A word with a similar meaning that might be familiar is “acquit.” |
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incontrovertible |
undeniably, absolutely, 100 percent, completely true.; there is no controversy about something, or, in other words, it is unchangeable and true. |
Incontrovertible evidence or proof is what you are looking for if you suspect that someone is doing something wrong. |
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indict |
accuse formally of a crime |
A book that indictsthe entire education system might lay out all the reasons that schools are failing kids. |
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litigious |
tend to sue people |
If you think that there are too many lawsuits, you think that a litigious culture is not good, but if you think it's important for people to demand compensation for other's people's negligence, then maybe you appreciate litigious behavior. |
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parity |
functional equality |
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rectitude |
behavior that is correct, upright and honorable |
You have moralrectitude if you refuse to be involved with a plan that some kids in your class have to cheat on a test. |
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remiss |
failing in what duty requires |
remiss of you not to pay your bills |
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repudiate |
reject it, or to refuse to accept or support it. |
If you grow up religious, but repudiate all organized religion as an adult, you might start spending holidays at the movies, or just going to work. |
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sanctimonious |
excessively or hypocritically pious |
The sanctimonious person sounds like a hypocrite when he preaches to a friend about the evils of drugs, while he drinks one beer after another. |
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scrupulous |
characterized by extreme care and great effort |
paying friends back for money borrowed right away, or not returning a pair of shoes after they've been worn outdoors IS AN ACT OF BEING SCRUPULOUS |
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solicitous |
attentive, caring and concerned |
A good student will be solicitous to appear interested in what the teacher says — even when it's not that interesting. |
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substantiate |
give support to a claim |
We’d really like to believe in the Tooth Fairy; however, more evidence is needed tosubstantiate her existence |
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veracity |
unwillingness to tell lies, truthfulness |
If you question the veracity of a statement or story, you wonder whether it is truthful or accurate. |
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vindicate |
justify, prove, or reinforce an idea or to absolve from guilt. |
If your family thinks you hogged the last piece of pie on Thanksgiving, you'll bevindicated when your younger brother fesses up.
When a lawyer clears her client's name in a trial, she vindicates him |
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cajole |
persuade them by using insincere compliments or promises |
If you say "Please, pretty-please, I'll be your best friend," when asking for a stick of gum, you are cajoling the gum holder. |
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chicanery |
tricky kind of deceit and manipulation |
if a politician's chicanery is exposed, he will lose public trust and not be returned to office in the next election cycle. |
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shenanigans |
a clever form of deception, |
Ever been ripped off at three card monte or some other con? Well, you're the victim of ashenanigan |
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sycophant |
a person who tries to please someone in order to gain a personal advantage |
brown-nosers, teacher's pets or suck-ups |
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altruism |
the quality of unselfish concern for the welfare of others |
Bill Gates is known for his altruism. He gives on charity a lot. |
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eminent |
highly regarded or prominent; impressive, famous, or accomplished |
It's not easy to be eminent: you have to be extremely successful. |
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empathy |
the ability to identify with another's feelings. |
When Bill Clinton famously told people "I feel your pain" during his 1992 election campaign, some praised and others ridiculed him for displaying empathy |
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extol |
praise it very highly |
If you have a crush on a guy who likes your best friend, it can be very depressing to listen to him extol your friend's virtues, while you just nod and smile |
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laudatory |
full of or giving praise |
If you do great things, then you've done praise-worthy acts and people will use laudatory words when talking about you. |
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magnanimous |
enerous spirit |
Letting your little sister have the last of the cookies, even though you hadn't eaten since breakfast, would be considered amagnanimous act. |
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philanthropic |
Something given to help others |
Money, household items, giving your time and energy to a cause — all can be philanthropic contributions. |
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defunct |
inactive, something that used to exist, but is now gone |
A magazine that no longer publishes, like Sassy, the girl-power mag from the '90s, is defunct, for example. |
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eradicate |
get rid of it, to destroy it, and to kiss it goodbye. |
You can alsoeradicate corruption, poverty, or diseases. Although there are all kinds of things to get rid of, we usually want to onlyeradicate the bad things. |
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quell |
to suppress or overcome |
quell is what you have to do with nerves before a big test like SAT and fears before going skydiving. |
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raze |
to tear an object down to the ground, destroy |
Before Donald Trump can raze that family's home to build another skyscraper, he's going to have to cut them a big check. |
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squelch |
putting an end to it. |
A mean remark could squelch your self-confidence, and a powerful military could squelch an invading country. |
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supplant |
take the place of |
Kate was out sick for a month with mono, and when she came back to school, Jessie had supplanted her as the funny girl at the lunch table |
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abase |
to humiliate them, — no, more than just humiliate them |
You have abased yourselves, and we will lift ourselves up |
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deride |
show a low opinion of someone or something ; treat or speak of with contempt |
The jerk would deride the other kids on the bus by calling them names or pulling their hair until the driver decided to de-ride him by kicking him off the bus. |
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derogatory |
insulting or disrespectful |
Racial, sexist, and homophobic slurs are all derogatory |
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disparage |
belittle or degrade a person or idea.; express a negative opinion of |
She disparaged her student's efforts |
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effrontery |
rudely behave as if you have a right to something that you have no right to, you're committing effrontery |
When a couple stroll into a crowded restaurant, demand the best table, and threaten the staff unless they're seated right away, that's effrontery. |
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ignominy(n) |
great public shame, disgrace, or embarrassment, or a situation or event that causes this |
Walk into class in your underwear is to feel what the word ignominy means |
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impugn |
call into question or attack as wrong; type of challenge |
If your usually grumpy brother is suddenly nice and sweet, you'll impugn his motives if you're smart — he probably just wants something from you |
|
mar (v.) |
make imperfect |
like a deep scratch on a wooden table. |
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pejorative |
disapproving expression or a term of abuse. |
Terms of abuse such as jerk and negative euphemisms such as bottom feeder are pejoratives, words you use when you want to call someone a bad name. |
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vex |
brings you trouble or difficulty. In other words, it annoys, worries, distresses, irritates, bothers, or puzzles you. |
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vindictive |
revengeful |
It is no fun hanging out with vindictivepeople, who are forever out to get back at people they think have hurt them. |
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bombastic |
rhetorical, art of persuasive speech |
To be bombastic is to be full of hot air — like a politician who makes grand promises and doesn't deliver. |
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ebullience |
Bubbly, loud, and enthusiastic; full of energy |
Take a room full of seven-year-olds and add a bunch of adorable puppies, and you'll end up with ebullience. |
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exorbitant |
describe something that is really just too much |
You'll often hear people griping aboutexorbitant bank fees or exorbitant interest rates. |
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exuberant |
ebullient, extreme unrestrained enthusiasm |
I was exuberant when I found out that I have |
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embellish |
to ornament or decorate; to exaggerate |
One can never trust that Anwar’s stories are realistic; |
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flagrant |
so bad you can't ignore it. |
like flagrant bad taste or flagrant abuse of the rules of grammar. |
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gratuitous |
"without cause" or "unnecessary." |
given freely; unearned; unnecessary |
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lavish |
extravagant |
Didn't your parents lavish you with praise and love when you were small? |
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lugubrious |
Anything that makes you sad, gloomy, or mournful can be calledlugubrious. |
Funerals are lugubrious. So are rainy days and Mondays. |
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opulent |
rich and superior in quality ; showing off your wealth |
"Remember the opulent buffet at Carrie’s sweet sixteen? Sixteen chocolate cakes iced in gold leaf!" |
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ornate |
covered in ornaments ; it's lavish, flowery, or heavily adorned. |
The wood carvings were so ornate that you could |
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penchant |
strong preference or tendency |
If you have a penchant for pizza, you either eat it daily, or wish you did. |
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redundant |
things that are unnecessary or could be left out |
If a business has two stores on the same street, one is redundant. |
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ubiquitous |
being present everywhere at once |
The house is haunted with an ubiquitous ghost |
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vicarious |
it delivers a feeling or experience from someone else |
If your child becomes a big star, you might have avicarious experience of celebrity. |
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vignette |
a brief but powerful scene |
A good vignette leaves you wanting more. |
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amalgam |
simply a combination of two or more unlike things into one. |
If your band plays a combination of country music and jazz, they play an amalgam of contemporary styles. |
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inundate |
quickly fill up or overwhelm, just like a flood |
Your bathroom could be inundated with water if the pipes burst, and hopefully your inbox is inundatedwith nice emails on your birthday. |
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multifarious |
A person or thing with many sides or different qualities |
The Internet has multifarious uses, museums are known for their multifarious art collections, and Hindu gods are associated with multifarious incarnations. |
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multiplicity |
a lot of something, usually countable and varied |
If you're skilled in juggling, tightrope walking, and lion taming, you could call yourself a circus performer with a multiplicity of talents. |
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alleviate |
relieve, your pain; make easier |
You can take medicine to alleviate symptoms or do exercise to alleviate stress. |
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cathartic |
Whatever causes you to release a sudden flood of feelings is cathartic |
A movie, play, or song that makes you cry is called cathartic. |
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palliative |
That which is palliative relieves and soothes, but isn’t expected to cure. |
A heating pack is a commonly employed palliative for temporarily reducing the pain of strained muscles. |
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docile |
easily handled or managed |
I did not like to play with Third Wife’s daughters, who were as docileand dull as their mother. |
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epitome |
typical example of something |
The cartoon character Garfield is the epitome of the fat, lazy, food-obsessed cat. |
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felicitous |
something that's really pleasant ; If someone behaves in a felicitousmanner, she's being agreeable and appropriate. |
When you plan a trip to the amusement park and it turns out that the sun is shining, that’s felicitous. OR You know, the way you should behave when your great aunt offers you those stale candies. |
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belie |
to contradict. |
If you are 93 but look like you are 53, then your young looks belie your age. |
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debunk |
prove it wrong |
For over a century people have tried to debunk the notion of natural selection, but no one has succeeded. |
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dubious |
something you have doubts about or you suspect is not true. |
Jerry’s dubious claim that he could fly like |
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duplicitous |
pretending to have feelings that his actions contradict; deliberately deceptive |
Someone who is duplicitous can also be called "two-faced," a vivid way to remember that this person shouldn't be trusted or taken at face value. |
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fabricate |
to make up in order to deceive |
Fabio fabricated the story that he used to play drums |
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fallacy |
a false notion; misleading argument or belief based on a falsehood. |
In poetry, the "pathetic fallacy" is the false idea that things like rocks or stars have human feelings |
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mendacious |
one who tells lies habitually and intentionally |
Don't get stuck at the water cooler or bus stop next to someone you consider mendacious! |
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specious |
Use specious to describe an argument that seems to be good, correct, or logical, but is not so. |
We live on the earth, therefore the earth must be the center of the universe has been proven to be a specious theory of the solar system. |
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apathetic |
showing little or no emotion or animation |
Maybe you feel apathetic because nothing around you stirs your interest, or maybe it’s because you need some coffee. |
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capricious |
describe a person or thing that's impulsive and unpredictable |
a bride who suddenly leaves her groom standing at the wedding altar. was a capricious act |
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equivocal |
open to two or more interpretations and often |
The politician made so many equivocal statements |
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erratic |
unpredictable, unusual, and that deviate from the norm. |
Erroll’s erratic behavior made it difficult for his |
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impetus |
force behind something |
If you push a car that's out of gas, you're the impetus that's getting it moving. |
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sporadic |
something that happens or appears often, but not constantly or regularly. |
The mailman comes every day but the plumber visits are sporadic––he comes as needed. |
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vacillate |
waver back and forth, unable to decide. |
You might vacillatebetween ordering waffles and pancakes at your favorite diner — it’s hard to pick just one when both are so tasty! |
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whimsical |
characterized by whim; unpredictable |
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whim |
odd or fanciful idea, something kooky you suddenly decide to do |
like dress up like a chicken or drive to Vegas. |
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flag |
getting tired or losing your focus. |
Stopping for a snack may help when your energy or attention begin to flag |
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clandestine |
describe something that is done in secret |
like yourclandestine attempts to steal your brother's Halloween candy. |
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subterfuge |
tricky actions to hide, or get something. |
f you want to surprise your mom with a sweatshirt, but don't know her size, it might take an act of subterfuge, like going through her closet, to find it out. |
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surreptitious |
being secretive ; doing something that they don't want to be seen doing. |
The members of the secret society hold surreptitious meetings because, well, they're a secret society or I was very surreptitious in how I organized the surprise party: she never knew! |
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modicum |
a small amount of something |
If you have a modicum of interest in something, you are a little bit interested. |
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paucity |
not enough of something ; scarcity |
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squander
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to spend extravagantly, thoughtlessly, or wastefully
synonym : prodigal |
If you need to save for college, don't squander her income on nightly sushi dinners.
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temperate |
mild, moderate |
If you're atemperate person, you are calm, reasonable.
If you live in a temperate climate it's warm and sunny, but not too hot. |
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tenuous |
If something is tenuous it's thin, either literally or metaphorically |
Tenuous arguments won't win any debate tournaments. Synonyms fortenuous, also used physically or metaphorically, are flimsy andshaky. |
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maverick |
rebel, someone who shows a lot of independence |
A maverick on a motorcycle might blaze his own trail, or show a maverick touch in a rough sport by wearing a helmet with the word "Mom" inside a heart. |
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mercenary |
marked by materialism ; motivated solely by a desire for money or material |
Mercer is a mercenary lawyer; he’ll argue for |
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obstinate |
beyond stubborn |
"The obstinate Man does not hold Opinions, but they hold him," |
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proliferate |
it's growing, spreading or multiplying really quickly |
funny YouTube videos proliferate on the internet;Other similar words include expand,reproduce, snowball, and spawn. |
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tenacity |
persistent determination |
Odds are, the people you admire have shown real tenacity in achieving their goals. |
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vigilant |
on the alert; watchful |
When taking the subway, bevigilant about your wallet––always know where it is, or someone might steal it from you. |
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extraneous |
coming from or belonging to the outside ; irrelevant; inessential |
“the ballet struck me as extraneous and somewhat out of keeping with the rest of the play” |
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juxtapose |
to place side by side, especially for comparison or |
Separately the pictures look identical, but if you |
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novel |
something is so new and original that it's never been seen, used or even thought of before |
ompanies are always looking for that novel idea that will earn them millions |
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superfluous |
extra; unnecessary |
When something is so unnecessary that it could easily be done away with, like a fifth wheel on a car or a fifth person on a double date |
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synergy |
working together to create something greater than either of you could do alone. |
You write the lyrics and your friend composes the music. Separately each of you is pretty good, but together you’ve got a mega-hit song. That’s synergy |
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tangential |
something that's not part of the whole ; only |
If you make a comment that istangential to the story you're telling, it's a digression. The story could still be understood without it. |
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digression |
strayed from the main topic. |
When your essay about French cooking starts describing a childhood trip to Disneyland, it's taken a digression |
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aural |
pertaining to hearing |
Some people learn well using their aural skills, which means they can hear something and remember it easily later. |
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cacophony |
mishmash of unpleasant sounds, often at loud volume |
It's what you'd hear if you gave instruments to a group of four-year olds and asked them to play one of Beethoven's symphonies. |
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dirge |
song of mourning, performed as a memorial to someone who’s died |
something mournful sounds like a dirge
As you might imagine, a dirge is usually quite sad. Another word with a similar meaning that you might know is “requiem.” |
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eclectic |
made up of a variety of sources or styles |
She listens to hip-hop, Gregorian chant, and folk music from the '60s. He's been seen wearing a handmade tuxedo jacket over a thrift-store flannel shirt. They both haveeclectic tastes. |
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incongruous |
inconsistent or incompatible with something else |
My chicken and jello soup experiment failed; the |
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sonorous |
describe sound or speech that is full, rich, and deep |
My father’s sonorous snoring keeps me up all night |
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strident |
unpleasantly loud and harsh |
If you're angry at your brother, you might come striding into his room and begin making a strident case for why he has done you wrong. |
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striding |
walking quickly with a wide step |
If you're angry at your brother, you might come striding into his room and begin making a strident case for why he has done you wrong. |
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debacle |
violent disaster or a great failure ; fiasco |
If the flower gardens come toppling down during prom, strangling some students and tripping others, you might call the evening a debacle. |
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tumultuous |
"disruptive," "troubled," "disorderly," or "turbulent." |
you might steer your boat into a safe harbor before a heavy storm, so the tumultuous waves won't sweep you onto the rocks. |
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anachronistic |
old-fashioned and maybe a little out of place |
clunky black rotary-dial telephone sitting on a desk beside a sleek new smart-phone (or whatever the new technology when you read this). |
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archaic |
something outmoded, belonging to an earlier period |
Rotary phones and cassette players already seem so archaic! |
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ephemeral |
short-lived |
The importance of SAT scores is truly ephemeral; |
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dilatory |
habitually late |
Always waiting until the last moment to leave home |
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redolent |
fragrant; aromatic; suggestive |
When something is redolent of something, it makes you think of that thing by making a pretty strong impression on you. He had a shifty eye redolent of years of lying and petty crime. |
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temporal |
limited by time |
Our time on earth is temporal. |
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onerous |
very difficult to deal with or do. |
If one teacher gives you three hours of homework a night, that's rough. But if all of your teachers do it, that makes the task of completing your homework an onerous one, to say the least. |
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portent |
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While you might love crows, your father will shudder when he sees them if he superstitiously believes they're a portent — a sign or warning — of death. |
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prescience |
the power to foresee the future |
Preetha’s prescience was such that people wondered |
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austere |
describe something or someone stern or without any decoration |
You wouldn't want someone to describe you or your home as austere. |
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stern |
"strict" or "severe." |
You know when you've done something really wrong, and the person who gets you in trouble has that unforgiving look on his face? The best word for that look is stern |
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banal |
boring and unoriginal |
Banal things are dull as dishwater. |
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trite |
silly or overused |
A love song with lyrics about holding hands in the sunshine? Totally trite. |
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hackneyed |
overused and trite |
Roses are red, violets are..." — enough already?! That's hackneyed stuff. |
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insipid |
lacking in flavor or interest |
You'll probably find the generic poems inside of greeting cards insipid. |
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generic |
refers to the members of a whole class of things |
A generic fan looks and acts just like dozens of other fans — it doesn't spin backwards or send out sparks. |
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prosaic |
ordinary or dull |
Most of us lead a prosaic everyday life, sometimes interrupted by some drama or crisis. |
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soporific |
sleep-inducing |
Certain medicines, but also extreme coziness, can have a soporific effect. |
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brevity |
shortness or conciseness |
Brevity = briefness. (You can’t get any shorter than |
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expedient |
appropriate to a purpose; practical ; serving to promote your interest ; convenient, speedy |
It was more expedient to use Federal Express than |
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transient |
lasting a very short time |
Were not the gods forms created like me and you, mortal, transient? |
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augment |
make better, enlarge or increase, grow |
Maybe your bike isn't getting around very well on hills: the bike needs to be augmented with a better set of tires. |
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bolster |
offer support or strengthen. |
When you cheer up a friend who's feeling down, you bolster them. |
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burgeon |
describe something that is growing, expanding, and flourishing |
You may have a burgeoning career as a villain if you overthrow a planet by using your mind-controlling ray gun on the populace. |
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copious |
large in number or quantity |
If you take copiousnotes, you'll do well when it comes time for review sessions — unless you can't read your own handwriting. |
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distend |
cause to expand as it by internal pressure as when |
The balloon distended as it was filled with helium, |
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grandiose |
unnecessarily overblown and even highfalutin; grand |
You've got big plans. Huge plans. Whatever it is, it's going to blow minds and absolutely rock worlds! Well, to some people those plans might sound a bit grandiose |
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prodigious |
so great in size or force or extent as to elicit awe |
A little drizzle isn't a prodigious rain, but a storm that floods a whole city certainly is. |
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profundity |
thoughtful, deep, and wise |
profundity of the silence in the room following the announcement of bad news |
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redouble |
to intensify it or make it bigger |
After losing your initial run for school president, you might redoubleyour efforts the next year, with a bigger and better campaign. |
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scintillating |
brilliant |
The writer’s scintillating narrative diverted Izabel’s |
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averse |
strongly opposed |
my father is averse to people smoking cigarettes in the house, but he would not be averse to your smoking a cigar. |
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conspicuous |
easy to notice; obvious (antonym: inconspicuous) |
zit in the center of your friend's forehead |
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demure |
modest, reserved, or shy person |
A demure outfit is a modest one––think high neckline and low hem. |
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demur |
to show reluctance or to hesitate |
If your mother asks you to clean your room and you refuse, you demur. |
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diffidence |
lack of self-confidence |
Your diffidence might be the reason why you never say "hi" to the cute guy or gal in the elevator or why you never ask for a raise. |
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placid |
not easily irritated |
Lake Placid is characteristic of being placid, its calm and undisturbed. |
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quiescent |
being quiet and still |
Quinn’s quiescent behavior made him an ideal |
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concord |
agreement (antonym: discord) |
If you want to watch a romantic comedy and your date wants to watch a horror film, you might compromise and come to a concord by agreeing to watch an action comedy. |
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concur |
to agree or approve of something |
The board concurred that the con artist who had |
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dogmatic |
arrogant attitudes based on unproved theories |
If you dogmatically assert that the moon is made of green cheese, you'll just get laughed at. |
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fastidious |
giving careful attention to detail; hard to please; excessively concerned with cleanliness |
If you want to describe a person who insists on perfection or pays much attention to food, clothing and cleanliness, the right word is fastidious. |
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intransigence |
stubborn refusal to change your views |
If you refuse to compromise with your sister about whose turn it is to do the dishes, your mother might accuse you both ofintransigence. |
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jocular |
characterized by jokes and good humor |
Class clowns can't stop being jocular, though the teacher might just see them as obnoxious |
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obnoxious |
annoying and unpleasant. |
Driving like a maniac is obnoxious. If the teacher comes in and finds students jumping up and down and throwing books, she might say, "Stop being so obnoxious!" |
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affable |
friendly, pleasant, and easy to talk to |
An affable host offers you something to drink and makes you feel at home. |
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alacrity |
liveliness and eagerness |
Someone with alacrity shows cheerful willingness and eager behavior, like a kid whose mother has told him he can buy anything in a candy store. |
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amiable |
friendly, pleasant person |
Airline flight attendants tend to be amiable. The people monitoring the school's cafeteria? Maybe not. |
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benign |
gentle, kind, mild, or unharmful |
a benign soul wouldn't hurt a fly. |
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sanguine |
you're optimistic that everything's going to work out fine. |
Harold’s sanguine temperament kept him cheerful, |
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belligerent |
eager to fight |
It's a good idea to avoid hardcore hockey fans after their team loses — they tend to be belligerent. |
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cantankerous |
stubbornly obstructive and unwilling to cooperate |
Take care not to throw your ball into the yard of the cantankerous old man down the street — he'll cuss you out and keep your ball. |
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contentious |
quarrelsome |
Contentious issues get people angry and in a fighting mood. On the other hand, some people always seem to be in a fighting mood, no matter what the issue is. People like that are contentious too. |
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deleterious |
harmful to living things |
Smoking has obviousdeleterious effects on your health, not to mention your social life. |
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exacerbate |
formal-sounding verb that means to make worse |
If you're in trouble, complaining about it will onlyexacerbate the problem. |
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flippant |
casual to the point of sarcasm and disrespect ; inappropriate |
When a parent scolds a teenager for missing a curfew or blowing off a test and the teen snaps back, "Whatever," you could say the teen is being flippant. |
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insolent |
marked by casual disrespect ; impudent |
That student in your class who is constantly snubbing the teacher, snorting when he gives assignments, and rolling her eyes when he reads passages aloud from your vocabulary textbook? Insolent, definitely insolent. |
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nefarious |
extremely wicked |
Batman and Superman are always fighting evildoers and stopping their nefarious plots. |
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pernicious |
harmful and subtle ;noxious |
You might have heard your parents and teachers talk about the pernicious effects of watching too much TV and playing video games all day––they'll turn your brain to mush. |
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rancorous |
showing deep-seated resentment |
attitude of your cousin who still won't speak to you after the April Fool's Day prank you played four years ago is described as rancorous |
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repugnant |
offensive to the mind |
like the idea of marrying your sister. |
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supercilious |
think very highly of themselves, more highly than of others. |
Think of them as a "super silly ass," and you'll remember the basic sense ofsupercilious. |
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arboreal |
relating to or resembling a tree or trees |
The Rocky Mountain National Forest will celebrate |
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splendor |
magnificent or grand |
If your prom was held in a luxurious ballroom, with elegant decor, you might note the splendor of the setting. |
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invocation (n) |
the act of appealing for help |
such as a prayer for serenity or a plea to the rain gods during a drought. |
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stratify |
divide into layers or classes. |
Announcing pay raises for only half of the employees in a company would be a quick way to stratify the office. |
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variegated |
having a variety of colors |
he scales of a fish can appear quite variegated from one angle and then strangely uniform from another. |
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verdant |
green with vegetation |
The garden was verdant after the rain. |
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catastrophe |
a sudden violent change in the earth's surface |
A hurricane destroying hundreds of homes is certainly a catastrophe; baking a birthday cake without following a recipe might also result in catastrophe, if you don't know anything about cooking. |
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thwarted |
disappointingly unsuccessful |
a thwarted team that isn't going to win the championship; another team has surpassed them. If you give up on your dream of becoming a veterinarian, instead of feeling thwarted, you should put your energy into finding a different career that will be better for you. |
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acuity |
sharpness and smartness |
Do you always get A's in math? Then you have an acuity for numbers. |
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REVERENT |
feeling or showing profound respect or veneration , RESPECTFUL |
People are occasionallyreverent in regard to antique cars, supermodels, spelling bee champions and giant TV screens. |
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hostile |
unfriendly, belligerent |
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seminal |
containing seeds of later development |
Even though Traf-O-Data wasn’t a roaring success, it was seminal in preparing us to make Microsoft’s first product a couple of years later’ |
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philanthropist |
person who gives money or gifts to charities, or helps needy people in other ways. |
Famous examples include Andrew Carnegie and Bill & Melinda Gates. |
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manifest |
evident, obvious |
You might manifest your dislike of school food by stirring it around into a big pile of slop on your tray. |
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benefactor |
a person who helps people or institutions (especially with financial help) |
Every school, museum, and struggling artist is in search for a generous benefactor, or someone to provide the financial means to keep everything running smoothly. |
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emulate |
When you emulate someone, you imitate them, especially with the idea of matching their success. |
we only call heroes those whom we admire and wish to emulate |
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cynical |
believing the worst of human nature and motives ; MISANTHROPIC |
if you think public officials are nothing but a bunch of greedy buffoons, you have acynical attitude about politics. |
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deplorable |
describe something extremely bad or unfortunate, wretched |
like the deplorable destruction and loss of life in Japan after the earthquake and tsunami. |
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chronic |
being long-lasting and recurrent or characterized by long suffering ; habitual |
If you smoke a cigarette once, you've simply made a bad choice. But if you're a chronicsmoker, you've been smoking for a long time and will have a hard time stopping. |
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acute |
sharp or extremely serious. |
Lee felt an acute spasm of real anger. |
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deploring |
express strong disapproval of something |
If you really, really hate the way your mom makes meatloaf, then it's safe to say you deplore it. |
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shwadenfreude |
delight in another person's misfortune |
If you're fired from your difficult job, no one can blame you for a bit of Schadenfreude as you watch your replacement struggle with your old tasks. |
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scorn |
disrespect for someone or something |
You might scorn a politician who spends $100,000 on travel while claiming to work hard promoting middle-class values. |
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maudlin |
effusively or insincerely emotional |
Tearjerkers like "Forrest Gump" and "Titanic" can be described asmaudlin. |
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grotesque |
very strange and ugly in an unnatural way |
If something "grosses you out," you can safely refer to it as grotesque. |
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decent |
sufficient or acceptable. |
The local diner you like to frequent may not serve a four-star breakfast, but it probably has decent food. |
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treacherous |
dangerously unstable and unpredictable |
A treacherous road might be icy or otherwise likely to cause a car accident. Atreacherous friend will betray you. |
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inquisitive |
love to inquire; you’re always asking questions. ; curiosity, |
Don’t become a private detective if you don’t have an inquisitive personality. |
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speculative |
describes very risky and unproven ideas or chances. |
You might have great ideas about starting your own business but your plans are speculative until you earn money from them. |
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endeavor |
attempt by employing effort |
The ordinary objects of human endeavor — property, outward success, luxury — have always seemed to me contemptible," wrote Albert Einstein.. or
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materialistic |
obsessively focused on money, or cares deeply about owning luxury goods ; mercenary, worldly-minded |
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RETICENCE |
kind of reserve, wanting to avoid communication and not wanting to offer any more information than is necessary. |
Someone charged with a crime might be instructed by their lawyer to show reticence when being questioned by police. |
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reckon |
expect, believe, or suppose |
"Who do you reckon is going to win the Super Bowl?" |