Sas Codes

Front 1

What are the main components of the SAS environment? (6, divided into 3 categories)

Back 1

editor, log, output windows; explorer, results tab; menu buttoms

Front 2

What are comments? Will SAS use the comments when running procedures?

Back 2

They are explanations of code embedded in SAS programs. No, SAS ignores comments while running procedures.

Front 3

How does one create a comment? (2 ways)

Back 3

(1) Type between a * and a ;. (2) Type between /* and */.

Front 4

Should we always use comments? Why/Why not?

Back 4

Yes, they remind us of what codes mean and why we're using them.

Front 5

Can statements start on any line? Can statements start in any column?

Back 5

Yes. Yes.

Front 6

Every statement/line of code must end in a...

Back 6

semicolon

Front 7

Is syntax case sensitive?

Back 7

No

Front 8

If your code does not work, you should check... (2). What is the most common error in programming?

Back 8

If you forgot a semicolon, the log, forgetting a semicolon

Front 9

(Most) recognized commands are displayed in _____ text. Comments are displayed in _____ text. If you did something wrong, you'll see ____ text.

Back 9

blue, green, red

Front 10

What is the code for inputting data using the editor window? Remember that with this code a semicolon goes...

Back 10

data (give data name);
input (give variable names);
datalines
(give columns of data)
;
on the line immediately below the last observation

Front 11

After running each analysis, remember to check the

Back 11

Log

Front 12

How do you run an analysis? (2) Be sure that you highlight... otherwise...

Back 12

Press F3 or the running man. The code you want to run, you'll run all the codes in the editor.

Front 13

How do you make sure your file was imported? (2) What is the code for the second option? What is the code to view contents and characteristics?

Back 13

Go to explorer window, libraries, work. Or you want print it.

proc print (give data name);
run;

proc contents (give data name);
run;

Front 14

What is the code to import txt. or dat. files using the infile command?

Back 14

data (give data name);
infile '(give file string);
input (give variable names);
run;

Front 15

How do you import data using the Import Data Wizard? What types of files does in work best with? What might it have trouble with? What should you also make sure of? Why?

Back 15

click file, important data. Tab-deliminted, comma-delimited, and excel files. Space-delimited files. That the variables have names. Otherwise, the first numbers will be the variable names.

Front 16

What is the easiest way to get descriptive statistics in SAS?

Back 16

Use proc univariate.

Front 17

What is the code to get descriptive statistics for a single variable using proc univariate?

Back 17

proc univariate (give data name);
var (give variable names);
run;

Front 18

The var command is used to specify

Back 18

variable names

Front 19

In SAS all procs are specified by..

Back 19

proc (give proc name)

Front 20

If you are working with one dataset, the data= (data name) is... however, SAS will always use your most recent... All the same, it is a good habit to...

Back 20

optional, data set, include it in your procedures

Front 21

What happens in proc univariate if you do not specify a variable?

Back 21

It will give you information for all variables in the data set.

Front 22

What is the code to create a histogram?

Back 22

data (give data name);
var (give variable names);
histogram;
run;

Front 23

For a histogram, what happens if you do not specify a binwidth? How do you determine the number of bins? What is the code to specify the number of bins?

Back 23

SAS will try to guess the best one for you. (max-min)/bin width.

proc univariate data= (data name);
var (give variable names);
histogram / endpoints= (give min) to (give max) by (give bin width);
run;

Front 24

Note that the bin width must be divisible by the...

Back 24

range

Front 25

For a histogram, what is the code to overlay a normal curve?

Back 25

proc univariate data= (data name);
var (variable name);
histogram / normal endpoints= (min) to (max) by (bin width);
run;

Front 26

What is the code to get basic box plots?

Back 26

proc univariate data= (data name) plots;
var (variable name);
run;

Front 27

Code to get a prettier box plot?

Back 27

Step 1:
data (new data name);
set (old data name);
group= 1;
run;

Step 2:
proc print data= (new data name);
run;

Step 3:
proc boxplot data= (new data name);
plot (variable name)*group;
run;

Front 28

Code to create a basic QQ plot?

Back 28

proc univariate data = (data name) noprint;
var (variable name);
qqplot;
run;

Front 29

What does noprint mean?

Back 29

Stops it for outputting some excess data.

Front 30

What is the code to put a normal distribution over the QQ plot?

Back 30

proc univariate data = (data name) noprint;
var (variable name);
qqplot / normal (mu=est signma=est) square;
run;

Front 31

For the QQ plots, the distance from the line represents the distance from... small variations are... look for...

Back 31

normality, okay, large deviations from normality

Front 32

the command normal (mu=est sigma=est) tells SAS to... can you plug in values, but most of the time... What does the square command do?

Back 32

overlay the normal line on the mean (mu) and the estimated standard deviation (sigma), if you want, you'll just want to use the estimated values, changes the shape of the chart from a rectangle to a square.

Front 33

What can you use to export your output into a more MS-Word friendly format? What is the ods? Are there different formats you can export to?

Back 33

The output delivery system

ods pdf;
(code you want to export);
ods pdf close;

yes

Front 34

Remember that all data sets are saved...

Back 34

temporarily in the work folder.

Front 35

What is the code to save something permanently?

Back 35

libname (library name) (insert string of where you want the file to go);
data (library name).(new file name);
set (original dataset);
run;

Front 36

If you want to gather more descriptive information about data than proc univariate, use

Back 36

proc means

Front 37

What is the code for proc means?

Back 37

proc means data= (data name) n nmiss std mean median ix max;
run;

Front 38

For proc means, if you don't specify a variable...

Back 38

then it will give you information for each variable.

Front 39

How can you use proc means to calculate % missing?

Back 39

find number observations and the number of variables, multiply them together to get total cells, divide the number of missing values by the total cells