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146 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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components of axial skeleton
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skull
mandible hyoid bone vertebral column ribs sternum |
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a natural opening or passage
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foramen
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back of neck (nape)
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nuchal
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shaped like an arrow; straight
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sagittal
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a trench or channel
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fossa
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an opening or passage
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meatus
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cleft or groove
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fissure
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opening or orifice
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aperture
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dividing wall or partition
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septum
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dogs have a large variation in which skull bones?
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facial bones
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2 components of skull
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neurocranium
splanchnocranium |
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brain case
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neurocranium
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facial bones
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splanchnocranium
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neurocranium components
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occipital bone
parietal bone frontal bone sphenoid bone (presphenoid, basisphenoid) temporal bone ethmoid bone |
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which bones of the neurocranium are paired?
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parietal bones
frontal bones temporal bones |
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components of the scplanchnocranium
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incisive bone
nasal bone maxillary bone palatine bone vomer bone pterygoid bone nasal conchae (+/- zygomatic bone, lacrimal bone) |
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if you look into the foramen magnum, what is the lacey structure that you see?
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ethmoid bone
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different skull shapes
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dolichocephalic
mesaticephalic brachycephalic |
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term for long skull
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dolichocephalic
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occipital bone is formed by the fusion of the...
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supraoccipital bone
exoccipital bone basioccipital bone |
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what contains the occipital condyles?
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exoccipital bone
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what is the attachment site of the longus capitis m.?
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basioccipital bone
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T/F: the interparietal bone fuses with the occipital bone prenatally
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T
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the caudal extent of the interparietal bone
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external occipital protuberance
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what passes through the foramen magnum?
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spinal cord
accessory n. basilar a. |
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what articulates with the articular surfaces of the atlas?
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occipital condyles
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another term for paracondylar process
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jugular
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origin of the digastricus m.
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jugular (paracondylar) process
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muscle that opens the jaw
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digastricus m.
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lateral border of the occipital bone
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nuchal crest
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T/F: the nuchal crest is more prominent in the canine skull
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F: more prominent in the feline skull
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what bone has 2 layers separated by the frontal sinus
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frontal bone
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what points toward the zygomatic arch
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zygomatic process of the frontal bone
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T/F: the zygomatic process of the frontal bone is one of the attachment sites for the orbital ligament
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T
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what is loacted b/w the outer and inner tables of the frontal bone?
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frontal sinus
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parts of the frontal sinus?
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lateral
rostral medial |
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the parietal bone is the main portion of the...
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temporal fossa
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what does the parietal bone contribute to?
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sagittal crest
tentorium osseum |
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what bone is b/w the frontal and occipital bones?
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parietal bone
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ridge of bone located dorsally
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sagittal crest
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what is formed by the parietal and interparietal bones?
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sagittal crest
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what is replaced by temporal lines in brachycephalic breeds?
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sagittal crest
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the sagittal crest is replaced by....
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temporal lines
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what extends from sagittal crest or external occipital protuberance to zygomatic processes of frontal bones?
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temporal lines
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temporal fossa is formed by which bones?
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parietal, frontal, and temporal bones
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temporalis m. originates where?
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temporal fossa
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boundaries of temporal fossa
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medial-sagittal crest or temporal lines
caudal-nuchal crest ventral-zygomatic process of temporal bone |
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which bone mostly makes up the temporal fossa?
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parietal
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what separates the cerebrum from the cerebellum?
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tentorium osseum
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plate of bone formed by the parietal and occipital bones
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tentorium osseum
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hardest bone in the body?
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petrous part of the temporal bone
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temporal bone parts
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squamous portion
petrous portion tympanic portion |
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where is the inner ear located?
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petrous portion
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caudal extent of the zygomatic arch
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zygomatic process
(squamous part of temporal bone) |
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site of articulation with mandible
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mandibular fossa
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process caudal to the mandibular ufossa
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retroarticular process
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tympanic part of the tympanic bone
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tympanic bulla
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location of the middle ear
filled with air |
tympanic bulla
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site of the tympanic membrane (ear drum)
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external acoustic meatus
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stucture dorsal to the tympanic bulla
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external acoustic meatus
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inner ear and mastoid process are both part of which part of the temporal bone
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petrous part
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bony and membranous labyrinth-for hearing and balance
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inner ear
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attachment of cleidomatoideous m. and sternomastoideous m.
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mastoid process
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what is the middle ear filled with?
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air
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T/F: the tympanic membrane has air on both side to enable equalization of pressure
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T
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bone that contains the fossa for lacrimal sac
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lacrimal bone
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bone that has the temporal process of zygomatic bone (forms arch) and frontal process of zygomatic bone
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zygomatic bone
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T/F: the frontal process of zygomatic bone is one of the attachment sites for the orbital ligament
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T
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forms the cheek bone
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zygomatic arch
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zygomatic arch is formed by...
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temporal process of the zygomatic bone
zygomatic process of the temporal bone (zygomatic process of the maxillary bone) |
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site of origin from the masseter m.
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zygomatic arch
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action of masseter m.
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close the mouth
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where eye sits
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orbital margin
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bony orbital margin is formed by...
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frontal bones
lacrimal bones zygomatic bones |
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the orbital margin is completed by the.... which courses b/w the zygomatic process of the frontal bone and the frontal process of the zygomatic bone
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orbital ligament
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the orbital ligament is shorter in the....b/c the zygomatic process of the frontal bone and frontal process of the zygomatic bone are larger
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cat
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which bone contains alveoli for the upper teeth except for incisors
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maxillary bone
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T/F: the maxillary bone forms part of the hard pallet
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T
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the infraorbital canal and foramen of the maxilla are at the level of which premolar?
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3rd
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the infraorbital a. and n. course through....
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maxillary foramen
infraorbital canal and then infraorbital foramen |
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which bones make up the hard pallet
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incisive, maxillary and palatine bones
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which bones has alveoli for the upper incisors?
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incisive bone
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the palatine fissure is located between...
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incisive and maxillary bones
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T/F: the palatine bone contributes to the lateral wall of the skull
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T (the perpendicular part)
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name the palatine foramina
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sphenopalatine foramen
caudal palatine foramen major palatine foramen minor palatine foramen |
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what courses through the sphenopalatine foramen?
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sphenopalatine a. and caudal nasal n.
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courses through the caudal palatine foramen
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major palatine foramen a.,v.,n.
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courses through the major palatine foramen
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major palatine a., v., n.
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courses through the minor palatine foramen
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major palatine a.,v.,n.
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the incisive and nasal bones form the...
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nasal aperture
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2 parts of spheniod bone
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presphenoid bone
basisphenoid bone |
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what passes through the presphenoid bone
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optic canal
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what passes through the basisphenoid bone?
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oval foramen
round foramen alar canal sella turcica located on it |
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what is the sella turcica
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pituitary gland sits on the hypophyseal fossa
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courses through the optic canal
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external ophthalmic a. and optic n.
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courses though the orbital fissure
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external ophthalmic a.
oculomotor n. trochlear n. ophthalmic division of trigeminal n. abducens n. |
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T/F: rostral alan foramen is present in both dogs and cats
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F: only in dogs
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courses through the rostral alar foramen
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maxillary a.
maxillary division of trigeminal n. |
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courses through the caudal alar foramen
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maxillary a.
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T/F: caudal alar foramen isnt present in cats
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T
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is alar canal present in cats?
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noooo
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courses through the alar canal
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maxillary a.
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courses through the round foramen
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maxillary division of the trigeminal n.
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courses through the oval foramen
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middle meningeal a.
mandibular division of trigeminal n. |
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orbital fissure is formed by...
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prespheniod and basisphenoid bones
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divisions of trigeminal n.
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maxillary
mandibular opthalmic |
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sharp hook of pterygoid bone
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hamulus
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which bone articulates with the presphenoid and basisphenoid bones
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pterygoid bone
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forms the caudal part of the lateral wall of nasopharynx
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pterygoid bone
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forms caudoventral part of nasal septum
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vomer bone
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T/F: vomer bone contributes to the roof of the choana
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T
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T/F: ethmoid bone is located b/w the cranial and facial parts of the skull
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T
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term for the bony scrolls attached to the cribiform plate caudally; occupy the caudal region of the nasal cavity
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ethmoidal labyrinth (conchae)
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term for the sieve-like partition b/w nasal and cranial cavities
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cribiform plate
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what courses through the cribiform foramina
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olfactory nn.
branches of external ophthalmic aa. branches of internal ethmoidal aa. |
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T/F: perpendicular plate contributes to the nasal septum
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T
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what separates right and left nasal cavities
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perpendicular plate
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the perpendicular plate is continued rostrally by the...
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cartilaginous nasal septum
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the pterygopalatine fossa is formed by:
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maxillary bone
palatine bone zygomatic bone pterygoid bone sphenoid bone |
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the origin of pterygoid muscles is...
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pterygopalatine fossa
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nerve that courses through the stylomastoid foramen
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facial n.
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what courses though the foramen lucerum
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loop of internal carotid a.
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bony enclosure of auditory tube which courses between the nasopharynx and middle ear
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musculotubal canal
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fissure caudal to the tympanic bulla
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tympano-occipital fissure
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what courses through the tympano-occipital fissure?
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internal carotid a.
glossopharyngeal n. vagus n. accessory n. sympathetic nn. from cranial cervical ganglion |
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what courses through the hypoglossal canal?
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hypoglossal n.
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articulation of the two mandibles rostrally
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symphysis
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horizontal part of mandible
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body
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vertical part of mandible
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ramus
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dorsal part of ramus of mandible
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coronoid process
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part of mandible that articulates with the mandibular fossa of temporal bone
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condylar process
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articulation of mandible with skull (temporal bone)
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temporomandibular joint
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origin of masseter m.
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masseteric fossa
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foramen located on medial side of mandible
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mandibular foramen
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what courses through the mandibular foramen?
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inferior alveolar a. and n.
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canal that courses through the mandible
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mandibular canal
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what courses through the mandibular canal?
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inferior alveolar a. and n.
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mental aa. and nn. course through which foramina of the mandible?
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mental foramina
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mental means...
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chin
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where can you find alveoli?
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maxillary bone
incisive bone mandible |
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projections in maxilla caused by roots of maxillary teeth
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alveolar juga
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bony partitions b/w teeth
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interalveolar septae
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hyoid apparatus components
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stylohyoid bone
epihyoid bone ceratohyoid bone basihyoid bone thyrohyoid bone |
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unpaired bone of hyoid apparatus
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basihyoid bone
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name of cartilage located b/w mastoid process of skull and stylohyoid bone
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tympanohyoid cartilage
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T/F: the thyroid bone articulates with the thyroid cartilage of the larynx
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T
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