Sarah- Inguinal Structures

Front 1

inguinal region is...

Back 1

b/w the abdomen and thigh (groin area)

Front 2

T/F: more structures pass through the female inguinal canal

Back 2

F (more in the male)

Front 3

T/F: the inguinal canal has an opening on the inside and outside of the body

Back 3

T

Front 4

what is the perforation in the abdominal wall in the region of the groin?

Back 4

inguinal canal

Front 5

what is located b/w the superficial and deep inguinal rings?

Back 5

inguinal canal

Front 6

what is a short fissure filled with connective tissue b/w the abdominal muscles

Back 6

inguinal canal

Front 7

when is the inguinal canal truely a canal?

Back 7

when a testes doesn't descend into the scrotum

Front 8

what passes though the inguinal canal in general?

Back 8

external pudendal a.
external pudendal v.
genitofemoral n.
lymphatics
vaginal tunic(male)/vaginal process(female)
spermatic cord (male)

Front 9

where the spermatic cord becomes visable is the start of the...

Back 9

inguinal canal

Front 10

the slit in the aponeurosis of the external abdominal oblique m.

Back 10

superficial inguinal ring

Front 11

the superficial inguinal ring is covered by..

Back 11

the thoracolumbar fascia

Front 12

what structure splits the 2 areas of insertion of ext. abd. oblique

Back 12

superficial inguinal ring

Front 13

what forms a triangle b/w 3 boundaries

Back 13

deep inguinal ring

Front 14

to see the deep inguinal ring you need to be in....and looking at the...

Back 14

the abdominal cavity and looking at the inguinal canal

Front 15

medial boundary of deep inguinal ring

Back 15

lateral edge of retus abdominis

Front 16

cranial boundary deep inguinal ring

Back 16

caudal edge of internal abdominal oblique

Front 17

caudal boundary of deep inguinal ring

Back 17

inguinal ligament

Front 18

the caudal border of the aponeurosis of the ext. abd. oblique is the....

Back 18

inguinal ligament

Front 19

what courses b/w the tuber coxae and iliopubic eminence of the pelvis

Back 19

inguinal ligament

Front 20

the inguinal ligament courses b/w....

Back 20

tuber coxae and iliopubic eminence

Front 21

which muscle partially arises from the inguinal ligament?

Back 21

internal abdominal oblique

Front 22

inguinal ligament separates what from what?

Back 22

separates the vascular lacuna from the inguinal canal

Front 23

what separates the vascular lacuna from the inguinal canal?

Back 23

inguinal ligament

Front 24

what is the opening in the body wall for vessels coursing to the pelvic limb

Back 24

vascular lacuna

Front 25

what is the vascular lacuna?

Back 25

the opening in the body wall for vessels coursing to the pelvic limb

Front 26

structures coursing through the inguinal canal in both males and females

Back 26

external pudendal a.
external pudendal v.
genitofemoral n.
efferent lymphatics fromn the superficial inguinal ln.

Front 27

structures only in male inguinal canal

Back 27

vaginal tunic
spermatic cord

Front 28

structures only in female inguinal canal

Back 28

vaginal process(round ligament of the uterus)

Front 29

what is found within the vaginal process

Back 29

round ligament of the uterus

Front 30

what is found in the spermatic cord

Back 30

ductus deferens
testicular n.
testicular a.
testicular v.
testicular lymphatics

Front 31

main artery going to the pelvic limbs

Back 31

external iliac a.

Front 32

2 main branches off of the external iliac a.

Back 32

femoral a.
deep femoral a.

Front 33

trunk of off deep femoral

Back 33

pudendoepigastric trunk

Front 34

2 main branches off of pudendoepigastric trunk

Back 34

caudal (deep) epigastric a.
external pudendal a.

Front 35

2 main branches off of external pudendal a.

Back 35

caudal superficial epigastric a.
ventral labial/ventral scrotal a.

Front 36

blood supply to abdominal wall

Back 36

deep circumflex iliac a.
cranial deep epigastric a.
caudal deep epigastric a.
cranial abdominal a.

Front 37

what makes up the genitofemoral n.?

Back 37

ventral branches of L3 and L4

Front 38

genitofemoral n. provides motor to?
sensory from?

Back 38

motor to cremaster m. (skeletal muscle)

sensory from skin in inguinal region ( inguinal mammary gland, prepuce, scrotum) and proximal middle thigh

Front 39

T/F: testes have their own lymphatics

Back 39

T

Front 40

action of cremaster muscle

Back 40

raise the testes (attached to the tunic)

Front 41

which lymph vessels unit to pass through the inguinal canal?

what do they drain into?

Back 41

efferent vessels from the superficial inguinal lymph nodes

drain into the medial iliac lymph nodes

Front 42

types of superficial inguinal lymph nodes

Back 42

mammary and scrotal

Front 43

what is the vaginal process?

Back 43

a parietal peritoneal excavation that passes through the inguinal canal

Front 44

what forms the vaginal ring?

what passes through it?

Back 44

the opening of the vaginal process

the round ligament of the uterus

Front 45

T/F: the female dog is thought to be the only domestic animal that has a vaginal process

Back 45

T

Front 46

vaginal process in males wraps around what?

forms what?

Back 46

testis

a double-walled structure with parietal and visceral layers

Front 47

where is the vaginal cavity located?

Back 47

b/w the parietal layer (parietal vaginal tunic) and the visceral layer (visceral vaginal tunic) of the vaginal process

Front 48

where is the vaginal ring located?

Back 48

at the entrance to the vaginal cavity

Front 49

what is the name for the fascia that lines the abdominal cavity?

Back 49

transversalis fascia

Front 50

what is the transversalis fascia continuous with?

Back 50

the vaginal tunic

Front 51

in males what passes through the vaginal ring?

Back 51

spermatic cord

Front 52

clinically what does the vaginal tunic include?

Back 52

the spermatic fascia and the parietal vaginal tunic

Front 53

what is incised during castration?

Back 53

clinical vaginal tunic

Front 54

what produces serous fluid within in the vaginal tunic?

Back 54

parietal and vaginal tunics

Front 55

what is the visceral vaginal tunic adhered to?

Back 55

testis
epididymis
ductus deferens

Front 56

what is closed castration?

Back 56

w/o incising into the vaginal tunic

Front 57

what is open castration?

Back 57

incise into the vaginal tunic and clamp off vessels

Front 58

spermatic cord components

Back 58

testicular a.
testicular v.
pampiniform plexus
testicular n.
testicular lymphatics
ductus deferens
deferent a. and v ( a. and v. of dectus deferens)
internal cremaster m.
mesofuniculum

Front 59

is internal cremaster m. smooth or skeletal?

Back 59

smooth

Front 60

what are testicular aa. branches off of?

Back 60

the aorta

Front 61

which kidney is further cranial?

Back 61

R

Front 62

where does the R testicular vein drain?

Back 62

into the caudal vena cava

Front 63

where does the L testicular vein drain?

Back 63

into the L renal v.

Front 64

what is the pampiniform plexus?

Back 64

venous network that surrounds the testicular aa.

Front 65

function of pampiniform plexus?

Back 65

keeps testes cool for proper sperm maturation

Front 66

what nerve is found in the spermatic cord?

Back 66

testicular n.

Front 67

testicular n. is comprised of?

Back 67

autonomic and sensory fibers

Front 68

testicular n. autonomic fibers originate from?

Back 68

4th, 5th, and 6th lumbar ganglia

Front 69

T/F: testicular n. forms a plexus within the spermatic cord

Back 69

T

Front 70

autonomic fibers of testicular n. originate from..

innervate...

Back 70

4th, 5th, and 6th lumbar ganglia of sympathetic trunk

innervate blood vessels an smooth muscle fibers

Front 71

testicular lymphatic efferent vessels course to..

Back 71

medial iliac and lumbar aortic lnn.

Front 72

what carries sperm from the epididymis to the urethra?

Back 72

ductus deferens

Front 73

what vessels course with the ductus deferens?

Back 73

deferent a. and v.

Front 74

what is the urethra within?

Back 74

the prostate

Front 75

what is the mesentery of the testis?

Back 75

mesorchium

Front 76

what supports the vessels and nerves of the testis?

Back 76

mesorchium

Front 77

what is the mesentery of the ductus deferens?

Back 77

mesoductus deferens

Front 78

what supports the ductus deferens and the deferential a. and v.?

Back 78

mesoductus deferens

Front 79

mesofuniculum

Back 79

connects mesorchium and mesoductus deferens to the pareital vaginal tunic

Front 80

what do the mesorchium and moesoductus deferens attach to?

Back 80

mesofuniculum connects them to the parietal vaginal tunic

Front 81

T/F: cremaster muscle is a component of the spermatic cord

Back 81

F: only the internal cremaster is

Front 82

course of cremaster muscle

Back 82

caudal border of internal abdominal oblique
courses along outside of vaginal tunic
inserts on spermatic fascia and parietal vaginal tunic

Front 83

is the cremaster muscle poorly developed in the dog or cat?

Back 83

cat

Front 84

scrotum contains...

Back 84

testis
epididymis
distal part of spermatic cord

Front 85

scrotal position in cat and dog

Back 85

cat- perineal position (more dorsal)

dog- inguinal position (groin)

Front 86

scrotum of cat or dog has more hair

Back 86

cat

Front 87

scrotal ligament runs b/w...

Back 87

scrotum and vaginal tunic

Front 88

where are incisions made in cats and dogs for castration

Back 88

dog- prescrotal area

cat-directly on scrotum

Front 89

T/F: scrotal ligament is broken down during castration

Back 89

T

Front 90

what courses b/w the scrotum and vaginal tunic?

Back 90

scrotal ligament

Front 91

what covers the testes?

Back 91

tunica albuginea

Front 92

what is tunica albuginea?

Back 92

dense, white fibrous capsule that covers the testes

Front 93

what occurs within the testes?

Back 93

sperm and hormone production

Front 94

what occurs within the epididymis

Back 94

storage and maturation of sperm

Front 95

where does the epididymis attach to the testes?

Back 95

dorsolateral surface

Front 96

what covers the epididymis?

Back 96

visceral vaginal tunic

Front 97

head of epididymis is located near...

Back 97

the region of the testis where the vessels enter

Front 98

where is tail of epididymis located?

Back 98

caudal extremity of the testis

Front 99

difference in position of epididymis in cat and dog..

Back 99

dog- craniodorsal

cat-cranioventral

Front 100

layers of scrotum

Back 100

skin
tunica dartos
external spermatic fascia
internal spermatic fascia
parietal vaginal tunic
vaginal cavity
visceral vaginal tunic
tunica albuginea
testicular parenchyma

Front 101

which 2 layers of the scrotum form the vaginal tunic?

Back 101

internal spermatic fascia and parietal vaginal tunic

Front 102

what allows testes to descend?

Back 102

the gubernaculum testis

expands and then starts to regress so that there is room for the testes to be situated

Front 103

term for the condensation of mesenchymal tissue of testes

Back 103

gubernaculum testis

Front 104

how long should you wait to decide if a dog is cryptorchid?

Back 104

30-45 days

Front 105

what courses b/w the tail of the epididymis and the testis

Back 105

proper ligament of testis

Front 106

what courses b/w the tail of the epididymis and the vaginal tunic (parietal vaginal tunic and surrounding spermatic fascia)?

Back 106

ligament of the tail of epididymis

Front 107

what does the proper ligament of the testis course b/w?

Back 107

tail of epididymis and the testis

Front 108

what does the ligament of the tail of the epididymis course b/w?

Back 108

tail of epididymis and vaginal tunic

Front 109

what are the remnants of the gubernaculum in the male?

Back 109

proper ligament of the testis

ligament of the tail of the epididymis

Front 110

what is the remnant of the gubernaculum in the female?

Back 110

round ligament of the uterus

Front 111

where does the round ligament of the uterus course?

Back 111

from cranial tip of the uterine horn to the vaginal process

Front 112

steps of ovariohysterectomy

Back 112

ovary exteriorized
hemostat around proper ligament
break down suspensory ligament
hole made in broad ligament to puts clamps on ovarian a. and v.
watch out for ureters