Sanskrit Ch 18 Or So

Front 1

does the past passive participle always get used in the past passive tense and aspect?

Back 1

not always; can be used just as an active imperfect, or to make adjective and nouns

Front 2

in a rough sense, we form the past passive participle with

Back 2

a modified verb root + t, resulting in endings like न, ट, ध्द, ध. द, ण, द, त, इत

Front 3

what stem is used for the past passive participle formation?

Back 3

the weakest possible stem (similar to the infinitive)

Front 4

how do you form the PPP from verb roots ending in ऋ?

Back 4

drop the म् before the त्

Front 5

remember that पश् is only for the present system; you therefore form all participles with...

Back 5

दृष्

Front 6

what's the sanskrit term for the passive voice?

Back 6

कर्मणी प्रयोग

Front 7

remember that the past passive participle ( in passive voice, कर्मणी प्रयोग), can be used with what verb specificially?

Back 7

the ellided copula

Front 8

in PPP formation, verb roots ending in a retroflex consonant (particularly ष् and श्) can trigger a त to become a

Back 8

ट

Front 9

remember that in PPP formation (getting hte weakest stem), semivowels व and य will revert to

Back 9

their corresponding vowels

Front 10

for PPP formation; when you have verb roots which end in द् (mostly; a foew other endings cause this) the त changes to ____ and the द् changes to ___

Back 10

न, another न

Front 11

कन्या

Back 11

girl (f)

Front 12

so the PPPs poorna (full) comes from pRRI (to fill, jIrNa from JRRI, etc. so the long ऋ changes to a

Back 12

ण

Front 13

past active participles are called _______ in sanskrit?

Back 13

कर्तरि

Front 14

forming PPPs from the verbs ही and ली result in

Back 14

हीन and लीन

Front 15

how do we form the past active participle?

Back 15

Past passive participle (गत्) [gone] + वत् = गतवत्[went]

Front 16

in PPP formation, verb roots that end in म् do what?

Back 16

drop the म् before the त्

Front 17

so the weak stem of the past active participle of गम् is गतवत्; what's the strong form?

Back 17

गतवन्त्

Front 18

so the verb root रम् (to be pleased, ?A) has the PP of

Back 18

रत

Front 19

participles of verbs which take specific cases(dative ,etc) are put into

Back 19

whatever case they need while finite.

Front 20

in PPP formation, verb roots ending in आ and complex vowels do what?

Back 20

turn into ई

Front 21

दा and धा form PPPs of

Back 21

दत and हित

Front 22

verb root स्ता forms a PPP of

Back 22

स्तित

Front 23

forming PPPs with verb roots ending in त्, roots ending in final conjuncts, and root final retroflex consonants, form their PPPs with

Back 23

इत

Front 24

root final ल् and व् and root final nonvoiced aspirates not covered by other rules, also form PPPs by using

Back 24

इत

Front 25

present participle in the passive is formed through

Back 25

3rd sg passive stem (गम्य etc. ) + मान् / माण् == गम्यमान्

Front 26

how do we form PPPs from verb roots ending with ह्?

Back 26

दुह and दह, for example, are treated as if they were दुघ and दघ

Front 27

what's the case of the participle in दासेन चोर्यमाणं धनम् कुपे पतति?

Back 27

nominative neuter singular

Front 28

what's the stem of the PPP of नह्?

Back 28

नध् \

Front 29

what's the past passive participle of ह् stems?

Back 29

ह् turns into द् and त is generally delebet

Front 30

the preceeding इ or उ is lengthened before a ह which terminates the stem, when turning into a PPP. so रुह् turns into

Back 30

रूद

Front 31

in PPP formation; if you have a final unvoiced palatal, like च or छ, it changes to ______ before the त

Back 31

क or ख

Front 32

the PPP of वच् changes to

Back 32

उक्त

Front 33

the ppp of यज् forms

Back 33

इष्त