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17 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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The target population is... |
The group of people who the researcher wants to generalise their results to. |
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The sample is... |
A small number of people taken from the target population to participate in the investigation. |
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Random sampling |
Everyone has an equal chance of being selected, through a lottery system, with no bias from the psychologist. |
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Advantage: Random sampling |
Likely to be representative. |
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Disadvantage: Random sampling |
Difficult to achieve. |
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Opportunity sampling |
Approaching and inviting those who are available at the time the researcher is looking for participants. |
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Advantage: Opportunity sampling |
More convenient than random. |
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Disadvantage: Opportunity sampling |
Unlikely to be representative. |
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Volunteer sampling |
Self-selected through adverts, participants respond if they wish to participate. |
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Advantage: Volunteer sampling |
More convenient than random. |
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Disadvantage: Volunteer sampling |
Unlikely to be representative. |
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Systematic sampling |
Every Nth person is picked from a list of the target population. |
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Advantage: Systematic sampling |
Likely to be representative. |
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Disadvantage: Systematic sampling |
Possible it could be unrepresentative. |
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Stratified sampling |
Identifying strata (groups) that exist within the target population and calculating the proportions of individuals needed from each strata. |
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Advantage: Stratified sampling |
Is representative. |
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Disadvantage: Stratified sampling |
Difficult to obtain. |
