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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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austrian monk whose breeding experiments with peas shed light on the rules of inheritance
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gregor mendel
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who was a contemporary of darwin but his work was overlooked until the 20th century
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mendel
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darwin's theory of n.s was correct, but he didn't know
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the mechanism of inheritance
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created in the 1940's--a conceptual compilation of darwinian evolution, mendelian inheritance, and modern population genetics--brought all ideas of evolution together
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the modern synthesis
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phenotypes are selected by natural selection; genotypes and genes change along with this change over time. (phenotype changes, thus so does genotype)
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adaptive evolution
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all expressed traits of an organism
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phenotype
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the entire GENETIC makeup of an individual; or a subset of an individual's genes
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genotype
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a change in allele frequency in a population (change in the gene pool)
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evolution
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all of the individuals of a species in a given area at a given time
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population
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examines the frequency, distribution, and inheritance of within a population
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population genetics
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the population genetics theorem that states that the frequencies of alleles and genotypes in a population will remain constant unless acted upon by non-mendelian processes (same from parent and offspring)
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hardy-weinberg equilibrium
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under strict menddelian inheritance, allele frequencies would remain constant from one generation to the next (har wein equil)
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allele frequencies
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hardy weinberg equation
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for a two allele locus:
let p= the frequency of one allele in the population (dominant allele) let q= the frequency of the other allele (recessive) |
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p+q=
p= q= |
1
1-q 1-p |
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genotypes should occur in the population according to
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p^2+2pq+q^2=1
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if allele and genotype frequency change
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the population has evolved
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evolution requires
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a PHENOTYPIC AND GENOTYPIC CHANGE
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all the species in a GIVEN AREA
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population
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what theory explains the dynamics of the gene pool?
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hardy weinburg equilibrium
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p^2
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proportion of population that is HOMOZYGOUS for the first allele
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2pq
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proportion of the population that is herterozygous
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q^2
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proportion of population that is homozygous
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if there are only two alleles, the proportion of one plus the other must equal
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100%
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what would q be if p=0.6what would q be if p squared=.49
(q=square root of q squared * .3) |
q=.4
q= |
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what would 2pq be if p=.5
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.5
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