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23 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Where do you see primary, secondary and tertiary hypothyroidism?
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primary: at the level of the thyroid
secondary: at the level of the pituitary Tertiary: at the level of the hypothalamus |
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What thyroid hormones are active?
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Unbound - allows for slow release
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What thyroid hormones is more active and which is release in higher quantity?
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T3 is more active
T4 is released in higher quantity |
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What is the most common cause of primary hypothyroidism?
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lymphocytic thyroiditis
seen in 50% of dogs |
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T/F
Congenital hypothyroid is a common disease. |
False
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What is Euthyroid Sick Syndrome?
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a decrease in thyroid hormones do to decreases in protein binding or directly inhibiting TSH at the level of the pituitary
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What can cause a decrease in thyroid hormones?
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Glucocorticoids, phenobarbital, sulfonamides
due to alteration in protein binding or inhibition of TSH |
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How do you accurately measure T4?
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animals need to be healthy and off any medications
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What is the usual signalment for hypothyoid animals?
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middle age, medium to large breed dogs
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What conditions can increase T4?
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pregnancy, obesity, exercise
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What conditions can decrease T4?
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anesthesia
weight loss/ fasting |
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What are the most common metabolic clinical signs of hypothyroidism?
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-lethargy
-mental dullness -inactivity -weight gain |
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What are the most common clinical signs of hypothyroidism patients?
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-weight management
-attitude -dermatological manifestations |
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What are the three most common dermatologic signs of hypothyroidism?
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-Bilateral symmetrical alopecia
-Pyoderma - due to impaired humoral and T-cell function -Seborrhea |
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What is the most common neuromuscular sign of hypothyroidism?
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weakness
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When is hypothyroidism an emergency?
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where there is Myxedema coma
seen in rottweilers |
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What are the most common clinical pathological signs of hypothyroidism?
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hypercholesterolemia
hypertriglyceridemia |
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What are other effects that can be present in hypothyroidism that isn't necessarily most common?
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-Ocular- cholesterol deposits
-Cardio- dec. contractility -Cretinism -Other endocrinopathies |
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How do you diagnose hypothyroidism?
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By testing
-CBC -Biochemical profile -UA make sure the animals are otherwise healthy because diagnosis is hard in sick animals |
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When will you see changes in thyroid hormones after treatment?
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up to 1 month
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What is the gold standard with diagnosing primary hypothyroidism?
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TSH stimulation test - see little to not increase in T4
-ultrasound -Biopsy |
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What is the treatment for hypothyroidism?
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Levothyroxine to be given for the rest of the animals life
.02mg/kg dosage |
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How often should you measure T4 when you are initially treating an animal for hypothyroidism?
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once a month and 2-4 after altering a dose
at correct dose check every 6 months to a year |
