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18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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At what age and sex does diabetes Mellitus occur in dogs and cats?
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dogs: 7-9 years 2X more likely in females than in males
cats: 8 years, neutered males are most commonly seen |
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What are the common presenting clinical signs of a patient with diabetes mellitus?
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PU/PD
Polyphagia Weight loss |
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What causes polyuria in diabetes patients?
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the osmotic pull of glucose
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What causes polyphagia in diabetes patients?
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satiety center cells can't take up glucose without insulin
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What are differential diagnoses for polyphagia and weight loss?
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diabetes mellitus
Hyperthyroid GI malabsorption/maldigestion |
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What signs can lead to a definitive diangosis of Diabetes Mellitus?
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-PU/PD
-Polyphagia -Weight loss -fasting hyperglycemia >200mg/dl -Glucosuria |
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What can you use to make emergency diagnosis of diabetes mellitus?
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PCV, TP, BG, Azostix (BUN), urine dipstick
BG >200-250, glucose ++ on dipstick |
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Is it possible for a cat to have hyperglycemia and glucosuria and not have diabetes mellitus? What is next test?
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Yes, due to stress
Measure fructosamine to see if hyperglycemia is ongoing |
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Is diabetes curable in dogs?
What is treatment? Cats? Are cataracts common in dogs? What is result? |
No
Insulin inj 2x a day forever May be transient or lifelong Yes Blindness |
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What type of insulin do you use on dogs?
Cats? What is the dose? Frequency? Route? |
Intermediate- Lente or NPH
Long acting- Glargine/Detemir or PZI 0.25-0.5 units/kg BID SQ |
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What is the short acting insulin? When is it used?
How is it delivered? |
Novalin R
In hospital for procedures IV |
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What dose do you start with?
How often do you need to monitor Blood glucose? For how many days? |
Low and work up to the correct level for that pt
3-5 times per day First 3 days |
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What diet changes should you make in a dog with diabetes mellitus?
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diets high in complex carbs
carb restricted diet, high protein |
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What should you let the treated diabetic patient do before initiating or changing insulin dose before assessing efficacy?
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let the patient equilibrate for 7 days
you want to test their blood glucose curve |
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T/F
It is better to give insulin to a sick Diabetic Patient. |
False
do not give insulin |
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What cells do not need insulin to take up glucose?
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-CNS
-liver -RBCs -lens of the eye -proximal renal tubule cells -beta cells of the pancreas |
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What is the most common form of DM in the cat?
What causes it? What can trigger this? |
Non-insulin dependent
Impaired secretion of insulin and insulin resistance Obesity, genetics, insular amyloid deposition |
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What is type III DM?
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Medication or other disease interfere with insulin
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