Sam Social 3.2

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New Zealand's national symbol is the kiwi bird

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The people of New Zealand call themselves "Kiwis"

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Australia lies between the Pacific Ocean and the Indian ocean

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New Zealand lies in the Pacific Ocean to the east of Australia

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Australia and New Zealand lie in the Southern Hemisphere, south of the Equator

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Countries in the Southern Hemisphere have opposite seasons from the U.S.

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New Zealand and Australia are far from other countries

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Because they are so far away, many of their animals and plants are found nowhere else on Earth

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Only New Zealand has kiwis and yellow-eyed penguins

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Australia's unique animals are the kangaroo and the koala

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Marsupials are animals that carry their young in a body pouch (ie, kangaroo, koala)

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Marsupials are found elsewhere in the world (ie, opossum of North America)

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In Australia, almost all mammals are marsupials which is not true anywhere else on Earth

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The uniqueness of New Zealand and Australia is the result of forces beneath the Earth's surface

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The theory of plate tectonics is the outer "skin", or crust of Earth, is broken into huge, moving slabs of rock called tectonic plates

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The tectonic plates move independently.

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New Zealand , Australia and the Pacific islands are part of the Indo-Australian plate

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Once they were part of a landmass that included Africa

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Over the centuries, many small changes have occurred naturally in the plants and animals of Australia an the islands

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Many birds have lost their ability to fly even though they still have small wings

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Because they are so isolated, these animals have not spread to other regions

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Australia is the smallest continent

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Australia is about the size of the U.S. (excluding Alaska and Hawaii)

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Most Australians live along the eastern and southeastern coasts

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Australia's most important rivers are the Murray and the Darling

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The region along Australia's east coast receives ample rain

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Apart from the Great Dividing Range, most of Australia is flat

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The Great Dividing Range is located on the east coast of Australia

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The South Island of New Zealand is more mountainous than the North Island

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New Zealand is made up of two major islands -- South Island and North Island

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New Zealand is much smaller than Australia

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Both islands have highlands, forests, lakes and mountains

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New Zealand's landforms have been shaped by volcanos

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The volcanos were caused by the movement of the tectonic plates

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Where plates meet, often there are earthquakes and volcanoes

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New Zealand is located where the Pacific plate meets the Indo-Australian plate

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The North Island and South Island were formed by volcanos when the Pacific plate and Indo-Australian plate collided

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New Zealand is farther from the Equator than Australia

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No place in Zealand is farther than 80 miles from the sea

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New Zealand has a mild climate and plenty of rainfall

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In the middle of North Island lies a volcanic plateau

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Three of the volcanoes are active

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The volcano called Mount Egmont is inactive

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Geysers are hot springs that shoot scalding water more than 100 feet into the air

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New Zealanders use the energy from the geysers to produce electricity

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New Zealand's capital city of Wellington is located on North Island

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New Zealand's largest city, Auckland, is located on North Island

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South Island has a high mountain range called the Southern Alps

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Mount Cook is the highest peak in the Southern Alps

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Fiords are narrow inlets bordered by steep slopes

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Canterbury Plain is a flat, fertile land in the South Island

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Canterbury Plain is where most of New Zealand's crops are grown

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Ranchers also raise sheep and cattle in the Canterbury Plain

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Both Australia and New Zealand have important natural resources such as coal, iron ore and natural gas

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Both countries raise sheep and cattle and grow similar crops

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New Zealand is different from Australia because it is smaller and has higher mountains than Australia

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New Zealand has glaciers and Australia does not

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New Zealand and Australia have different climates

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