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14 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Epidemiology
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Patients w/ sickle cell dz
Infants < 1 yr Immunodeficient children high risk for invasive extraintestinal infections |
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Route of infection
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Hematogenous
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Reservoirs
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Meat, poutry, dairy products, and water
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MC strains that cause osteomyelitis
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S. typhimurium, S. enteritidis
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Characteristics
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Gram negative, motile, ferments glucose w/ acid +/- gas, produces hydrogen sulfide, (-) urease
Resistant to bile and dye |
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Clinical manifestation - S. typhi
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cause enteric or typhoid fever (human-specific)
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Clinical manifestation - S. paratyphi, S. hirschfeldii, and typhimurium
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cause gastroenteritis (can infect human and other animals)
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Morphology/Colony
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Medium - Hektoen enteric agar (w/ bile to inhibit gram + and facultative flora)
Sodium thiosulfate and ferric ammonium citrate --> hydrogen sulfide production*** Lactose fermentation --> pH indicator --> salmonella does not ferment lactose |
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Clinical presentation
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fever, pain @ infection, GI disturbance, faint rash on abdomen & chest (rose spot), leukocytosis, high ESR, bradycardia
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Pathogenesis in SCD
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SCD predisposes vasculature to ischemic infarcts due to intravascular sickling --> breakdown of mucosal barrier in intestine --> salmonella seeds to bone
SCD --> defective opsonization, functional asplenia, impairment of macrophage function |
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Diagnosis
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Blood culture
Growth on media X-ray |
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Immunity
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Humoral & cell-mediated immunit --> protective immunity
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Prevention
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vaccine for poultry
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Treatment
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Chloramphenical, STX, ampicillin, ceftriaxone, quinolones
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