Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
28 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
what are some general characteristics of salamanders and newts? |
they have well developed tails elongated bodies 2 pairs of legs no external ears both adult and larvae stages are carnivores nasolabial groove costal grooves |
|
|
how many families are there in ontario |
4 |
|
|
how many proteidae species are found in ontario |
1 - mud puppy |
|
|
key characteristics of a mud puppy |
entirely aquatic = external gills dark stripe through eye |
|
|
what is the family name of newts? |
salamandridae |
|
|
key characteristics of salamandridae |
slender long tails no costal grooves post larval terrestrial stage (eft) highly toxic elaborate fin |
|
|
what species is in the salamandridae family |
red spotted newt |
|
|
what is the eft stage? what are some characteristics? |
terrestrial land stage thicker skin (helps to reduce dessication) bright orange colour |
|
|
what two types of ambystomatidae species hybridize? |
blue spotted and jefferson salamanders |
|
|
what family is called the mole salamanders? |
ambystomatidae |
|
|
what are characteristics of mole salamanders? |
use existing burrows but emerge to breed lungs present costal grooves present 4 toes front, 5 hind |
|
|
characteristics of spotted salamander |
50 spots orange - yellow coloured spots belly = slate grey without spots |
|
|
where are spots found on blue spotted salamander |
all over |
|
|
where are spots found on jefferson salamander |
restricted to sides and limbs |
|
|
what salamander is larger: blue spotted or jefferson? |
jefferson they also have larger toes too |
|
|
what family is called the lungless salamanders |
plethodontidae |
|
|
characteristics of lungless salamanders |
lack lungs, O2 through skin live in moist enviro lay eggs on land prominent nasalabial and costal grooves 4 toes front, 5 hind |
|
|
what are the two types of plethodontidae in ontario? |
redback and 4 toed |
|
|
what are the 2 phases/morphs of redback salamanders |
red and lead |
|
|
what colour is redback's belly |
grey |
|
|
what colour is the 4 toed's belly |
white with black spots |
|
|
what is a differing morphological characteristic of redback salamanders and 4 toed salamander |
4 toed has constriction at base of tail, where redback has no constriction into the tail |
|
|
true or false: salamander eggs are always found under the surface of the water |
true, if they are on the surface they are frog/toad |
|
|
proteidae egg masses |
female guards lay in groups under rocks or logs |
|
|
ambystomatidae egg masses |
loose clusters attached to aquatic vegetation |
|
|
plethodontidae egg masses |
lay on land in small clusters females guard masses can emit aquatic juvenile stage produce antibodies to protect eggs from fungal infection |
|
|
salamandridae egg masses |
lay eggs individually attach to submerged veg |
|
|
larval salamander/newt stage characteristics |
external gills lateral line carnivores less dramatic morphological change (gills, digestive system, mouth) |
