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32 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Nucleoli
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Dense masses contained inside the nucleus surrounded by fine threadlike material
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chromatin
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fine threadlike material surrounding the nucleoli inside the nucleus.
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chromosomes
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46 long filaments composed of DNA and protein
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nucleosomes
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beads on a string - the divided segments on a string of chromatin (folded accordion like into zigzag fiber
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histones
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disc shaped cluster of eight proteins, with the DNA wound around it like ribbon on a spool.
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Sister Chromatids
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two parallel fliaments of chromosome when DNA is preparing to divide
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What is DNA at the molecular level? (DNA and other nucleic acids are polymers of?) (sugar, phosphate group and a signle or double ringed nitrogeneous base.
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nucleotides
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What are the three bases that are single carbon-nitrogen rings and are classified as pyrimidines?
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Cytosine (C)
Thymine (T) Uracil (U) |
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What are the two bases that are double rings and classified as purines?
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Adenine (A)
Guanine(G) |
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The bases of DNA are?
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C, T, A, G
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The bases of RNA are?
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C, U, A, G
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The structure of DNA resembles a __________. The sidepiece is a backbone composed of phosphate groups alternating with the sugar __________.
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ladder
deoxyribose |
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The spiral staircase configuration of DNA is also called?
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double helix
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The backbones are held together with?
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hydrogen bonds
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The base pairs are:
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A-T
C-G |
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What is "junk DNA"?
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non-coding DNA
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Law of complementary base pairing?
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one strand governs the base sequence of the other
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What is an information-containing segment of DNA that codes for a protein or group of closely related proteins?
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Gene
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RNA
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Used by DNA to direct the synthesis of proteins.
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What are the 3 types of RNA?
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messenger (mRNA)
Ribosomal RNA (rRna) transfer RNA (tRna) |
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RNA is a ___________ nucleotide chain.
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single
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Sugar in RNA?
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ribose
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Sugar in DNA?
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Dioxribose
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What replaces thymine (T) in RNA?
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Uracil (U)
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Base of RNA?
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A,U,C,G
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Number of nitrogenous bases in DNA?
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10 to the 8th base pairs
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Number of RNA UNPAIRED bases?
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70-10,000 unpaired bases
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DNA number of nucleotide chains?
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Two (double helix)
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RNA number of nucleotide chains?
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One (single strand)
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Site of action for DNA?
Site of action for RNA? |
Functions within the nucleus; cannot leave.
Leaves the nucleus; functions in the cytoplasm |
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Function of DNA?
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codes for synthesis of RNA and protein
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Function of RNA
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carries out instructions in DNA; assembles proteins
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