Sainvil- A & P Lecture Ch 3

Front 1

Which structure is the site of protein synthesis?

Back 1

RER rough endoplasmic reticulum

Front 2

The glycolipids and glycoproteins function to?

Back 2

confer each cells identity or fingerprint

Front 3

are the extracellular and intracellular surfaces of the plasma membrane the same?

Back 3

no

Front 4

What does kinases add to other cytoplasmic enzymes?

Back 4

phosphate groups

Front 5

what structure is most closely related to moving particulate matter along the surface of epithelium?

Back 5

cilia

Front 6

Factors that affect the rate of diffusion through a membrane include?

Back 6

molecular weight of particle, concentration gradient, and membrane permeability

Front 7

f a solution has more hydrophilic solutes in it than are found in a cell that is placed into that solution, the cell is said to be?

Back 7

hypotonic

Front 8

what is osmosis?

Back 8

the diffusion of water across a semipermeable membrane.

Front 9

what can stop osmosis?

Back 9

osmotic pressure

Front 10

The correct tonicity for normal saline is a _______ solution of NaCl.

Back 10

0.9%

Front 11

Which tonicity describes a solution that has a lower concentration of nonpermeating solutes than the intracellular fluid?

Back 11

hypotonic

Front 12

What kind of carrier transport proteins carries 2 or more solutes through a membrane simultaneously in the same direction?

Back 12

symport

Front 13

The sodium potassium pump moves sodium out of a cell and potassium into a cell. This is an example of what type of transport?

Back 13

antiport

Front 14

Membrane potential is maintained by?

Back 14

sodium potassium pump

Front 15

The special type of vesicular transport that moves droplets of extracellular fluid into the cell is called?

Back 15

pinocytosis

Front 16

Does secondary active transport use ATP?

Back 16

no

Front 17

What is the site of RNA synthesis, the largest organelle in eukaryotes, and has a double membrane?

Back 17

the nucleus

Front 18

Only animal cells contain this organelle

Back 18

centrioles

Front 19

Which of the following is a point of origin or anchorage for a cilium or flagellum?

Back 19

basal body

Front 20

Which of the following organelles has its own DNA and can reproduce independent of the cell?

Back 20

mitochondria

Front 21

Do all eukaryotic cells have a single centrally located nucleus?

Back 21

no

Front 22

Peripheral proteins are typically associated with _______ and tethered to the cytoskeleton.

Back 22

transmembrane protein

Front 23

What size (in diameter) are most human cells?

Back 23

10-15 µm

Front 24

Membrane phospholipids arrange their hydrophilic ends toward the _________ of the membrane & hydrophobic ends toward the ________ of the membrane.

Back 24

surface, center

Front 25

A protein that adheres to the intracellular face of the plasma membrane is called a(n)

Back 25

peripheral protein

Front 26

What are peripheral proteins, activated by surface receptors, relay hormone & neurotransmitter stimuli to secondary messengers?

Back 26

G proteins

Front 27

In cystic fibrosis, the cilia become embedded in sticky mucus due to a malfunction of the?

Back 27

chloride pump

Front 28

When blood pressure in capillaries forces water and dissolved solutes out into the tissue fluid, this is called?

Back 28

filtration

Front 29

The net movement of molecules from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration is called?

Back 29

diffusion

Front 30

Blood cells in a hypotonic solution will?

Back 30

burst (hemolysis)

Front 31

Blood cells in a 0.9% NaCl solution will?

Back 31

stay the same size

Front 32

Insulin is removed from the bloodstream by the endothelial cells by which of the following methods?

Back 32

receptor mediated endocytosis

Front 33

Membrane proteins that aid in communications from other cells are:

Back 33

receptors

Front 34

These increase a cell's external surface area and are found on intestinal cells:

Back 34

microvilli

Front 35

Where the extracellular fluid is more highly concentrated than the intracellular fluid, we may say it is:

Back 35

hypertonic

Front 36

By what method can the intestinal cells absorb sodium ions if they are in higher concentration inside the cell?

Back 36

active transport

Front 37

Large molecules, such as insulin, may be transported through cells by this specific process:

Back 37

receptor mediated endocytosis

Front 38

what are the flat-shaped cells found covering the skin called?

Back 38

squamous

Front 39

a red blood cell placed in a hypertonic solution where the solutes are higher concentration and the fluid will cause the cell to shrink or swell?

Back 39

shrink

Front 40

white blood cells engulf bacteria by means of?

Back 40

phagocytosis

Front 41

What does the Na+K+ pump in and what does it pump out of the cell?

Back 41

Na+ goes out and K goes in

Front 42

What do muscle cells contain to serve their high demand for ATP?

Back 42

mitochondria

Front 43

This organelle synthesizes steriods in the ovary and stores calcium in muscle cells:

Back 43

smooth ER

Front 44

Hepatocytes (liver cells) specialize in detoxifying drugs or other chemicals. What do hepatocytes have large amounts of?

Back 44

smooth ER