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81 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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When sailing, always be aware of the wind's _____ and _____. |
speed, direction |
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The desirable force generated by the wind moving across a sail is called ________. |
lift |
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The direction relative to the wind in which the sailboat cannot sail is called the _____ _____ _____. |
no-sail zone |
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Sailboats can reach an upwind destination by sailing a ______ curve. |
zigzag |
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The point of sail at the edge of the no-sail zone is called ______ ______. |
close-hauled |
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A boat sailing across the wind is said to be _______. |
reaching |
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Sailing straight downwind is called _______. |
running |
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As the sailboat's direction changes relative to the wind, so should the sail's ______ to the wind be adjusted. |
angle (or trim) |
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The combination of the true wind and the wind created by the boat's motion (that we feel on the boat) is called _______ wind. |
apparent |
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The _______ is an underwater fin fixed on the bottom of the sailboat that provides stability and lateral resistance. |
keel |
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The sailboat's direction through the water is controlled by the _______, which can be turned by means of either a ______ or a ______ ______. |
rudder, tiller, steering wheel |
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Parts of a sailboat |
a. transom b. stanchion c. deck d. helm, (tiller or wheel) e. rudder f. bow g. lifeline h. stern i. cockpit j. pulpit k. hull |
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The Sailboat's Rig |
a. boom b. mainsail c. jibsheet d. mast e. mainsheet f. halyard g. boom vang h. shroud i. headsail/jib j. boom topping lift k. gooseneck l. backstay m. spreader n. headstay/forestay |
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Parts of a Sail |
a. tack b. batten c. luff d. clew e. foot f. leech g. head |
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On-Board Orientation |
a. port b. windward c. forward d. leeward e. astern f. starboard g. aft h. ahead i. abeem |
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The mainsail should be raised when the sailboat is oriented ______ to ______. |
head, wind |
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When turning the boat toward the wind, the sails should be ______ in. |
trimmed |
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When turning the boat away from the wind, the sails should be ______ out. |
eased |
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"Fluttering" sails are said to be ______. |
luffing |
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The best way to steer the boat on a straight course is to look toward the _____ and pick a _____ to steer toward. |
shore, landmark |
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When you turn the bow of the boat toward the wind you are _____ _____. |
heading up |
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When you turn the bow of the boat away from the wind you are _____ _____. |
bearing away |
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The "golden rule" of sail trim is: "when in ______, let it ______." |
doubt, out |
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When the boat is stopped, pointed toward the wind with the sails luffing, it is said to be _____ _____. |
in irons |
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Points of a Sail |
a. close reach b. broad reach c. close-hauled d. run e. beam reach f. in irons/no-sail zone |
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When the wind is blowing on the port side, the boat is said to be sailing on a _____ _____. |
port tack |
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When the wind is blowing on the starboard side, the boat is said to be sailing on a _____ _____. |
starboard tack |
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Turning the boat so the bow passes through the wind, bringing the wind to blow onto the opposite side of the boat, is called ______. |
tacking |
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Changing tacks by turning the boat so its stern passes through the wind is called _____. |
jibing |
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The helmsman's commands for tacking the boat (also called "coming about") are "_____ _____" and "_____ _____." |
"Ready about," "Helm's a-lee." |
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The helmsman's commands for jibing the boat are "_____ to _____" and "_____-_____." |
"Prepare to jibe," "Jibe-ho." |
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To jibe safely, it's very important to _____ the _____ in toward the centerline as the boat bears away onto a run. |
trim, mainsail |
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Sailing on a run with the mainsail and jib on opposite sides of the boat is called sailing _____ on _____. |
wing, wing |
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If the wind is on the same side of the boat as the mainsail while sailing downwind, the boat is said to be _____ by the _____. |
sailing, lee |
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The danger of sailing by the lee is the increased risk of an _____ _____. |
accidental jibe |
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The fastest way to change the sail's power is to change its _____ to the _____. |
angle, wind |
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The shape of the mainsail may be changed by adjusting tension in the edges of the sail. Match the sail control with the edge of the sail it affects: a. Outhaul b. Halyard/downhaul/ Cunningham c. Boom vang * Luff * Leech * Foot |
a. Outhaul affects the foot. b. Halyard affects the luff. c. Boom vang affects the leech. |
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The outhaul changes the depth of the _____ of the mainsail. |
draft |
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Tightening the downhaul or Cunningham moves the draft of the mainsail ______. |
forward |
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Tightening the _____ _____ holds the boom down on a downwind point of sail. |
boom vang |
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To get full power and optimum use out of the mainsail, _____ it until it just starts to luff, then trim the mainsail in so it just stops _____. |
ease, luffing |
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Two ways to change the sail's angle to the wind are: a. _____ or _____ the sail. b. _____ _____ or _____ _____. |
a. ease, trim b. head up, bear away |
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The tendency for the boat to head up toward the wind on its own is called ______ helm. |
weather |
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The tendency for the boat to bear away from the wind on its own is called ______ helm. |
lee |
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While sailing close-hauled, four ways to decrease the heel of the boat are: a. Move the crew to the _____ side of the boat. b. _____ _____ slightly, into the edge of the no-sail zone. c. _____ the main _____. d. Move the _____ to leeward. |
a. windward b. head up c. ease, sheet d. traveler |
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Reducing the size of a sail so that less area is exposed to the wind is called ______. |
reefing |
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Match the following knots and hitches to their primary purpose or usage: a. Bowline b. Figure 8 c. Square knot d. Cleat hitch e. Clove hitch f. Round turn and 2 half hitches * Tie two ends of a line together * More secure tie-up to dock piling * Form a non-slipping loop, tie jib sheets to clew of jib * Keep line from slipping through a fairlead or block * Secure a dock line to a horn cleat * Temporarily tie-up to dock piling, attach fenders to stanchion |
a. Bowline: Form a non-slipping loop, tie jib sheets to clew of jib b. Figure 8: Keep line from slipping through a fairlead or block c. Square knot: Tie two ends of a line together d. Cleat hitch: Secure a dock line to a horn cleat e. Clove hitch: Temporarily tie-up to dock piling, attach fenders to stanchion d. Round turn and 2 half hitches: More secure tie-up to dock piling |
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When you want a break while sailing, you can make the boat lie, ______-______. |
hove-to |
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You heave-to by backing the ______, easing the ______, and putting the ______ to leeward. |
jib, mainsail, helm (tiller) |
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a. _____ _____ secures the bow of the boat to the dock. b. _____ _____ secures the stern of the boat to the dock. c. _____ _____ keeps the boat from moving aft. d. _____ _____ keeps the boat from moving forward. |
a. bow line b. stern line c. forward spring d. aft spring |
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______ are used to protect the hull from contact with the dock or other boats. |
fenders |
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The ideal point of sail on which to approach a mooring ball is on a _____ _____. |
close reach |
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Which of the illustrations shows the best conditions under which to approach a dock under sail? a. b. c. or d. |
a. upwind approach |
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In the Navigation Rules, Rule 5 (the "Lookout Rule") requires all vessels to maintain a proper lookout using _____ and _____ and any other available means (e.g., radar) |
sight, hearing |
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It is the responsibility of every vessel operator to avoid a _____. |
collision |
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The _____-_____ vessel's obligation is to maintain _____ and speed. |
stand-on, course |
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The _____-_____ vessel is required to maneuver out of the way of stand-on vessel. |
give-way |
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A vessel overtaking another vessel must _____ _____ to the vessel being overtaken.
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give-way |
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When two sailing vessels are approaching on opposite tacks, the vessel with the wind on the ______ side is the stand-on vessel.
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starboard |
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When two vessels are sailing with the wind on the same side, the vessel to _____ is the give-way vessel. |
windward |
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When a sailboat has its engine running and in gear, it is defined as a _____-_____ vessel, regardless of whether the sails are raised. |
power-driven |
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A powerboat, not in a channel or restricted in its ability to maneuver, should _____ _____ to a sailboat under sail, unless the sailboat is _____ the poweboat. |
give-way, overtaking |
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When two power-driven vessels are meeting head-on, _____ boat is the stand-on vessel. Instead, both vessels should alter course to _____ and pass port-to-port. |
neither, starboard |
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In a crossing situation, if powerboat A sees powerboat B on its starboard side, then powerboat A shall _____ _____. |
give-way |
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The give-way vessel shall take _____ and _____ action to keep clear. If the give-way vessel does not seem to be taking early or substantial enough action, then the _____-_____ vessel must take action to avoid the collision. |
early, substantial, stand-on |
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Nearly all vessels must be _____ with the state in which they operate, and/or _____ through the U.S. Coast Guard Vessel Documentation Center. |
registered, documented |
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There must be at least one Type I, II, III, or V _____ _____ on board for _____ person. |
life jacket (or PFD), each |
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Examples of visual distress signals include: a. _____ b. _____ _____ c. _____ _____ d. _____ _____ ______ |
a. flares b. smoke signals c. distress flag d. electric distress light |
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An _____ _____ can serve as a sound-producing device. |
air horn |
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Any sailboat under 26 feet in length with an engine must carry a _____ _____. |
fire extinguisher |
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A sailing vessel over 23 feet in length under way at night or in restricted visability is required to display a _____ sidelight on the port side, a green sidelight on the _____ side, and a _____ light on the stern. |
red, starboard, white |
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When a sailboat 23 feet or longer is navigating at night with its engine operating in gear it must also display a white _____ light in addition to the sidelights and stern light. |
steaming |
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The Federal limit for blood alcohol content is _____ percent. |
0.08 |
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In the Aids to Navigation system, a _____ is a floating aid anchored to the bottom. A beacon is a _____ mark and can be on land or in the water. |
buoy, fixed |
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Lateral Aids to Navigation are identified by three features, _____, _____, and _____. |
color, shape, number |
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A way to remember on which side to keep the starboard-hand (red) markers when entering a channel from seaward is the phrase "_____ _____ _____." |
"red right returning" |
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A _____ _____ buoy has red and white vertical stripes and is safe to pass on either side. |
safe water |
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The procedure for recovering a crewmember who has fallen overboard (a MOB), is: a. Appoint someone as a _____ to keep the MOB in sight. b. Throw _____ device(s) to the MOB. c. Maneuver the boat back to the MOB and approach on a _____ _____ point of sail. d. Stop the boat by _____ the sails and bring the MOB aboard. |
a. spotter b. flotation c. close reach d. luffing |
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The Figure-8 recovery method works well on small boats since there is no ______, thereby reducing the risk of a second MOB. |
jibe |
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Checking the _____ forecast is one of the most important steps to take before going sailing. |
weather |
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A _____ plan can be provided to a friend or relative who is willing to be responsible for contacting the authorities if you do not make contact on schedule. |
float plan |
