Safe Med Admin Notes

Front 1

IV Route - Why is it the most dangerous route?

Back 1

It delivers the entire dose at once.

Front 2

IV Route - How rapidly effective is it compared to the other routes?

Back 2

It is the most rapidly effective.

Front 3

Intraosseous Route - How do the rate and time of the admin compare to IV?

Back 3

Identical if not better.

Front 4

Intramuscular Route - What are the recommended admin sites?

Back 4

Deltoid, Vastus Lateralis, and the superior lateral aspect of the gluteus.

Front 5

Intramuscular Route - what must you consider about the site?

Back 5

There must be adequate perfusion to the site.

Front 6

Subcutaneous Route - What are the recommended sites for administration?

Back 6

Lateral aspect of the upper arm, Anterior thigh, or abdomen.

Front 7

Subcutaneous Route - Why would it be beneficial to use?

Back 7

The medication has to diffuse through the fatty tissues into the bloodstream meaning the absorption time is slow.

Front 8

What are the advantages of enteral routes?

Back 8

• Simple
• Safe
• Time released
• Low potential of infection

Front 9

What are the disadvantages of enteral routes?

Back 9

• Slow rate of onset
• Cannot be given to an unconscious patient
• Absorbed dosage my vary significantly because of actions of digestive enzymes or condition of GI tract.

Front 10

What are the advantages of parenteral routes?

Back 10

• Rapid onset
• Can be given to unconscious or nauseated patients
• Absorbed dose and action is more predictable

Front 11

What are the disadvantages of parenteral routes?

Back 11

• Administration is more painful and difficult
• Side effects more severe
• Higher potential for infection

Front 12

Time to effect: Topical

Back 12

Hours to days

Front 13

Time to effect: Oral

Back 13

30 - 90 min

Front 14

Time to effect: Rectal

Back 14

5 - 30 min (unpredictable)

Front 15

Time to effect: SC injection

Back 15

15 - 30 min

Front 16

Time to effect: IM injection

Back 16

10 - 20 min

Front 17

Time to effect: SL tablet

Back 17

3 - 5 min

Front 18

Time to effect: SL injection

Back 18

3 min

Front 19

Time to effect: Inhalation

Back 19

3 min

Front 20

Time to effect: Endotracheal

Back 20

Unknown; unpredictable

Front 21

Time to effect: Intraosseous

Back 21

60 sec

Front 22

Time to effect: Intravenous

Back 22

30 - 60 sec

Front 23

Time to effect: Intracardiac

Back 23

15 sec

Front 24

What is affinity?

Back 24

The attraction between a medication and a specific medication receptor site.

Front 25

What is efficacy?

Back 25

The power of a medication to produce a therapeutic effect.

Front 26

What is potency?

Back 26

The comparison of different doses required to have equal effect.

Front 27

What is an allergic reaction?

Back 27

Hypersensitivity

Front 28

What is Idiosyncracy?

Back 28

Drug effect unique to an individual.

Front 29

What is tolerance?

Back 29

Decreased response to the same amount.

Front 30

What is cross tolerance?

Back 30

Tolerance for a drug that develops after administration of a different drug.

Front 31

What is drug interaction?

Back 31

The effects of one drug alter the response to another drug.

Front 32

What is drug antagonism?

Back 32

The effects of one drug block the response to another drug.

Front 33

What is cumulative effect?

Back 33

Increased effectiveness when a drug is given in several doses.

Front 34

What is summation?

Back 34

Also known as additive effect, two drugs with the same effect are given together — similar to 1+1=2.

Front 35

What is synergism?

Back 35

Two drugs with the same effect are given together and produce a response greater thanthe sum of their individual responses — similarto 1+1=3.

Front 36

What is potentiation?

Back 36

One drug enhances the effect of another.

Front 37

What do you need to document for med admin?

Back 37

1. Time of administration
   
2. Medication Name
   
3. Dosage mg, mEq
   
4. Route of Administration
   
5. Site of Administration
   
6. Response to Medication Administration
   
7. Signature and title
   

Front 38

What do you do if you made a medication error?

Back 38

• Don't cover it up
• Call OLMC if error is dangerous
  
• Treat and monitor patient
• Report it immediately to supervisor and hospital staff- med error report
  
• Document exactly what happened