S3M2 Pharmacology Turnbull Antineoplastics

Front 1

List the anti-metabolite drugs.

Back 1

These drugs are CCS (Cell-cycle specific)
1.) Methotrexate
2.) 5-FU
3.) Cytarabine
4.) Capecitabine

Front 2

Methotrexate
1.)MOA
2.)Administration
3.)Toxicity
***4.)Antidote

Back 2

1.) Competative reversible inhibition of DHFR; must be polyglutamated
2.)Intrathecal
3.) Nephrotoxic and also causes myelosuppression
4.) Antidote is leucovorin; kicks off methtrexate in HOST CELLS only

Front 3

What are the uses of methotrexate?

Back 3

-Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL)
******Management of CNS infiltration by metastatic cells
-Immunosuppressive in graft rejection control

Front 4

5-Fluorouracil (aka 5-FU)
1.)MOA
2.)Adjuvant?
3.) Toxicity

Back 4

1.) misincorporated into RNA and **** inhibits thymidylate synthase (THF-->dTMP) via dUMP and TS

2.) Use Leucovorin as adjuvant b/c it stabilized the drug binding to TS

3.) Myelosuppresion

Front 5

Dactyl

Back 5

A foot of poetry consisting of a stressed syllable followed by two unstressed syllabels,

Front 6

Cytarabine

Back 6

***DOC for Acute Myeloblastic Leukemia (AML)

Tara is A Man Lookalike (AML)

Front 7

Capecitabine
"superhero"

Back 7

***prodrug that is converted to 5-FU. So it also inhibits TS but is NOT as myelotoxic

Front 8

What are the alkylating Agent cancer drugs?

Back 8

These drugs are CCNS or cell cycle non specific drugs
1.) Cyclophosphamide
2.) Cisplatin --> which is also an alkylating agent

Front 9

Cyclophosphamide
1.) MOA
2.) Toxicity
3.) Antidote

Back 9

1.) STRONG electrophil
****It's a prodrug****** which is converted to active nitrogen mustard (nephrotoxic) and acrolein(bladder toxic)
2.) Renal and bladder toxicity, can cause too much ADH=hyponatremia -->give demeclocycline as antidote
3.) MESNA (binds to acrolein and reduces cystitis)

Front 10

Cyclophosphamide is a prodrug converted in the liver to what two toxic byproducts?

What is the antidote?

Back 10

Active nitrogen mustard -->nephrotoxic (mustard on kidney)

Acrolein-->bladder toxic or chemical cystitis

Antidote is MESNA which binds to acrolein and reduces chemical cystitis

Front 11

cyclophoshamide toxicities include myelosuppresion, renal and bladder toxicity and can cause too much ADH secretion leading to hyponatremia. What is the antidote for the hyponatremia?

What two other reproductive toxicities exist for this drug?

Back 11

Demeclocycline

Permanent amenorrhea and azoospermia

Front 12

Cytotoxic Antibiotics
List them

Back 12

1.) Doxorubicin
2.) Daunorubicin
3.) Bleomycin

Front 13

Doxorubicin
1.) DOC?
2.) MOA?
3.) Admin?
4.) Toxicity?

Back 13

1.) DOC for metastatic carcinoma of thyroid
2.) binds w/ helical groove, prevents topo 2 from resealing (you have single and double strand breaks).
3.) Fast running IV b/c drug is blistering and damages vessels
4.) Cardiomyopathy

Front 14

Doxorubicin
1.) Antidote?
2.) Antidote for the cardiomyopathy?

Back 14

1.) Dimethylsulfoxide
2.) Dexrazoxane for cardiomyopathy

Front 15

What is the antidote for doxorubicin cardiomyopathy?

What is the antidote for doxorubicin Free radical production?

Back 15

Doxorubicin prevents topo 2 from resealing helical breaks which induces DNA breakage and FREE RADICAL formation which is HIGHLY destructive.

You give dexrazoxane for the cardiomyopathy
You give dimethylsulfoxide for the radicals formation to prevent ulcers

Front 16

DaunoRUBicin
1.) Uses?
2.) Adverse effects?

Back 16

1.) Leukemia
2.) Red urine and vesicant action

Front 17

Bleomycin (Blow-mycin)
1.)MOA
2.) Toxicity

Back 17

1.) Fragments DNA due to free radical formation, works in G2 phase
2.) Toxicity=pulmonary toxicity and fribrosis

Front 18

Natural Product drugs
List them:

Back 18

1.) Vinca alkaloids (Vincristine and Vinblastine)
2.) Paclitaxel
3.) Etoposide
4.) Topotecan

Front 19

Natural Product drug
Vinca alkaloids, What are they?

Back 19

Vincristine and Vinblastine
"Christ my nerves, Blast my bones"

Front 20

Natural Product drugs
Vinca alkaloids, What are they are what are they're toxicities?

MOA?

Back 20

Vincristine is neurotoxic
Vinblastine is myelotoxic
"Christ my nerves, blast my bones"

1.) MOA: both bind to tubulin and block polymerization of tubules.

Front 21

Natural Product Paclitaxel
-VERY toxic drug
1.) uses
2.) MOA
3.)Why do you pre-medicate with corticosteroid or antihistamine?

Back 21

1.) Tx: of advanced ovarian cancer
2.) Inhibits microtubular DISASSEMBLY, works in M phase
3.) Paclitaxel is SOOO hypersensitive you gotta suppress the immune system; its actually the solubilizing agent the drug is in that causes the hypersensitivity rxn

Front 22

What drug inhibits microtubular disassembly and is super duper toxic?

Back 22

Paclitaxel

Front 23

Natural Product drug
-Etoposide
1.) MOA
2.) Can cause this disease?

Back 23

1.) Stabilizes topo2/DNA complex and causes double stranded DNA breaks during replication.
2.) Can cause AML

Front 24

natural product drug
-Topotecan

Back 24

Toucan Sam is #1
-A topo 1 inhibitor= accumulation of Single stranded breaks

Front 25

Hormones/Antihormones drugs
List them

Back 25

1.) Tamoxifin
2.) Anastrozole
3.) Fulvestrant
4.) Flutamide
5.) Finasteride
6.) Leuprolide

Front 26

Hormone drugs:
Tamoxifin
1.) uses?
2.) MOA?
3.) Cancer is CAUSES?

Back 26

1.) breast cancer Tx AND prophylaxis.
2.) blocks binding of estrogen
It is a prodrug metabolized by endoxifen by CYP system so drugs that inhibit cyp (SSRI's) could prevent tamoxifen from working
3.) Since it acts as an AGONIST on the endometrium, therefore possible cause of endometrial cancer.

Front 27

Anastrozole***
1.) MOA

Back 27

1.) An aromatase inhibitor-therefore prevents estrogen production from testosterone.
***Used in tamoxifen resistant patients!!!

Front 28

Which drug is a SERM that blocks binding of estrogen and is a prodrug?

Back 28

Tamoxifen
***Prodrug that is metabolized by CYP system. Used for prophylaxis and Tx: of BREAST CANCER!!!

SERM=Selective estrogen receptor modulator

Front 29

Hormone drug
-Flutamide**

Back 29

Androgen Antagonist that prevents translocation of steroid receptors to the nucleus
Tx: Prostate cancer which is TESTOSTERONE dep in early stages

Front 30

Hormones drug
-Fulvestrant
(sounds like *resistrant=resistant"

Back 30

A pure estrogen receptor antagonist, also used in tamoxifen resistant breast cancer.

Front 31

Hormones drug
-Finasteride

Back 31

5 alpha reductase inhibitor
Tx: Prostate cancer

Front 32

Hormone drug
-Leuprolide
**Why is it given in constant doses?

Back 32

GnRH analog which acts as a PARTIAL AGONIST on GnRH receptors.
**When given in constant doses to maintain stable blood levels, it INHIBITS the release of LH and FSH
Tx: Prostate cancer

Front 33

LOU can FINALLY play the FLUTE

Back 33

Leuprolide
Finasteride
Flutamide

All treat prostate cancer

Front 34

Other drugs:
Asparaginase
(ALL kids hate asparagus"

Back 34

MOA: breaks down asparagines; cancers like ALL can't make ASP on their own

Front 35

Trastuzumab-->monoclonal antibody

Back 35

She trusts you with "HER2-Neu breasts" aka herceptin
-it's a monoclonal antibody that binds HER2 receptor, which inhibits growth

Front 36

This drug is a monoclonal Ab which binds to the HER2 receptor which prevents HER2 ( human epidermal growth factor) from binding?

Back 36

Trastuzumab

Front 37

Other drugs:
Rituximab

Back 37

An anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody that binds CD20 antigen on B cells in NON-Hodgkins

Front 38

What drug describes the mnemonic:
20 year old wears a tux but hes not cool enough so hes Non-hodgkins.

Back 38

Rituximab
-An anti-CD 20 which binds on follicular B cells in Non-hodgkins lymphoma

Front 39

Other drugs
Cisplatin-->Also an alkylating Agent
1.) MOA
2.) Weird thing about Admin
3.) Toxicity

Back 39

1.) enters cell via diffusion and forms intra and inter strand links with DNA and causes breaks
2.) Don't admin with aluminum needle, it will inactivate the drug
3.) Nephrotoxicity(Hydrate well b4) and ototoxicity

Front 40

Hydroxyurea

Use in My......

Back 40

Inhibits ribonucleotide reductase, thereby stopping the conversion of ribo NT to deoxy NT;

Use in myeloproliferative disorders

Front 41

Imatinib mesylate

Back 41

Inhibits bcr-abl tyrosine kinase found in CML
"I'M able to C M L in philly"