S2 I&i Exam 4: Humoral Immunity

Front 1

Humoral Immunity

Back 1

Host defense mediated by sereted antibodies

Front 2

Humoral immunity main function is

Back 2

preventing infection

Front 3

what are the 5 different classes of antibodies

Back 3

IgG IgA IgM IgD and IgE

Front 4

the heavy and light chains are held together by what type of bonds?

Back 4

noncovalent and disulfide bonds

Front 5

Each Ig class is represented by a different

Back 5

heavy chain

Front 6

Proteolytic cleavage by papin produces

Back 6

2 Fab
1 Fc

Front 7

Fab

Back 7

binds to antigen

Front 8

Fc

Back 8

-initiated complement activity
- binds to cell receptors nonimmunologically

Front 9

Thymus-independent antigens

Back 9

able to activate naive Bcells without the help of CD4 T helper cells
(mostly bacterial pathogens)

Front 10

Thymus-dependent antigens

Back 10

activates B cells in the secondary lymphoid tissues and involves, Bcells, Specific antigenand helper CD4 T cell(main difference)

Front 11

Thymus-dependent antigens are

Back 11

processed and presented by APCs

Front 12

What are two examples of APC

Back 12

Dendritic Cells or Macrophages

Front 13

antigen-specific CD4 T cells are activated to become

Back 13

effector T helper cells

Front 14

T helper cells interact with

Back 14

dendritic cells

Front 15

dendritic cells present specfic antigen to

Back 15

MHC II class receptors on Bcells

Front 16

clonal selection

Back 16

some B-cells will differentiate into antibodu-secreting plasma cells or become memory Bcells

Front 17

B cells are intially programmed to produce ___ antibodies

Back 17

IgM

Front 18

________ enables B-cells to swtich to the production of a different class of antibody

Back 18

effector T-cell

Front 19

B cells activated by helper Tcells form a focus of dividing

Back 19

B lymphoblasts

Front 20

Germinal centers are specialized microenvironment for

Back 20

- B cell proliferation
- Somatic Hypermutation
- Selection for antigen binding

Front 21

Centroblasts

Back 21

-Bcells maturing in germinal centers
-Somatic hypermutation

Front 22

Centroblasts mature into

Back 22

Centrocytes

Front 23

Centrocytes

Back 23

- Nondividing
- Mutated surface immunoglobulin (affinity for its specific anitgen can be higher, lower or the same)

Front 24

somatic hypermutation occures in

Back 24

rapidly proliferating germinal center Bcells

Front 25

Effector functions of antibodies

Back 25

1. Neutralization
2. Opsonization
3. Complement activation

Front 26

Neutralization

Back 26

antibody blocks binding sites of the anigen so they cant be taken up by the cell or in bacteria block against adhesin block colonization and uptake

Front 27

opsonization

Back 27

Fc help to enhance phagocytosis of the bacterium

Front 28

Fc receptors are located on what cell types

Back 28

macrophages
neutrophils
eosinophils

Front 29

Antibody dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity

Back 29

Fc receptors on NK form crosslink and signals the NK to kill the cell

Front 30

All 3 pathways of complement cascade lead to

Back 30

cleavage of C3 into C3b and C3a

Front 31

C3b binds to

Back 31

pathogens surface (complement fixation)
-Aids in opsonization

Front 32

C3a attracts

Back 32

inflammatory cells

Front 33

C2a binds to

Back 33

C4b

Front 34

classical pathway of complement cascade is initiated by

Back 34

antigen-antibody complexes

Front 35

C5b, C6, C7 C8 combine to form a complex which initiated the

Back 35

polymerization of C9 to form a MAC

Front 36

MAC forms a

Back 36

pore in the membrane causing the lysis of the cell

Front 37

Isotype Switching

Back 37

diversifies functional properties of hte antibody Fc region

Front 38

IgD is found on

Back 38

mature naive B-cell membrane

Front 39

first antibody produced in an immune response

Back 39

IgM

Front 40

IgM is present in

Back 40

blood nad extracellular fluids

Front 41

IgM is secreted as a

Back 41

pentamer

Front 42

phagocytic cells do not have receptors for what antibody Fc receptors

Back 42

IgM

Front 43

second antibody produced in an immune response

Back 43

IgG

Front 44

IgG

Back 44

-Dominant blood borne antibody
-Able to cross the placental barrier (provides passive immunity for baby)

Front 45

Circulating IgM and IgG prevent

Back 45

septicemia

Front 46

IgA is produced in

Back 46

MALT (mucosal-associated lyphoid tissues) - mucosal epithelium and in breast milk which provides passive immunity to baby

Front 47

IgA protect

Back 47

surfaces of the epithelial that are in direct contact with the external environment

Front 48

IgE binds to Fc receptors of

Back 48

mast cells
basophils
eosinophils

Front 49

granules in the cytoplasm of the mast cell contain

Back 49

histamine

Front 50

Antigen binding of FceRI receptors result in

Back 50

immediate effector function
(cell proliferation, differentiation not required)