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38 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is a chemical reaction? |
A chemical reaction is a change in which new substances are formed. |
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What is a precipitate?
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A precipitate is a powdery solid formed in a chemical reaction |
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What does effervescence mean? |
Effervescence means bubbling or fizzing |
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When do energy changes occur? |
Energy changes occur in all chemical reactions |
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What are atoms? |
Atoms are very tiny round-shaped particles from which all substances are made |
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What is a row in the periodic table? |
A row in the periodic table is a horizontal line of elements going from left to right called a period |
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What is a column in the periodic table? |
A column in the periodic table is a vertical line of elements going from top to bottom called a group |
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What is a compound? |
A compound is a substance made of atoms of different kinds joined together |
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What is a soluble substance? |
The name of substance that dissolves or a solute |
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The name of the mixture formed when a solute dissolves in a solvent. |
A solution |
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What is a solvent? |
A solvent is the liquid in which a substance dissolves |
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How can you tell if a substance is soluble or not? |
Mix it with a solvent and if the substance settles to the bottom when left standing then it is insoluble whereas if it blends well with the solvent it is soluble |
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What is an insoluble substance? |
An insoluble substance is one that does not dissolve |
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What is a molecule? |
A molecule is a group of atoms joined together |
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What is the valency of an atom? |
The valency of an atom is the number of links it can form |
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What is the residue in the separation method of filtration? |
The residue is the solid left in the filter paper |
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What is the filtrate in the separation method of filtration? |
The filtrate is the solution which has passed through the filter paper |
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What is the distillate in the separation method of distillation? |
The distillate means the the liquid which has been distilled |
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Why is evaporate not "strictly speaking" a method of separation? |
Evaporation doesn't not separate a solution into two different solutions it only causes one to disappear or evaporate |
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What safety precautions should be taken in an evaporation experiment? |
Stand back from the evaporating basin as spitting can occur heated to dryness. Wear googles also to avoid spitting from getting in eyes |
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Explain the distillation process. |
Solution is heated to the boiling point of the substance with the lower bp This substance is then evaporated and is carried down a tube where the condenser around it changes it to liquid state It then comes out the other end of the tube |
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Why is the chromatography separation method important? |
It helps you separate small substances and this is good for forensic and medical research |
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What is a formula? |
A formula is a chemical code using symbols and numbers |
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What is an "ide" compound? |
An "ide" compound is a substance in which usually two elements are combined |
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What is an "ate" compound? |
An "ate" compound is a substance in which usually three elements are combined, one of them being oxygen |
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What is an "ite" compound? |
An "ite" compound is a substance in which usually three elements are combined but contains less oxygen than the corresponding ate compound |
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What is an acid? |
An acid is a solution with a pH of less than 7 |
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What is an alkaline? |
An alkaline is a solution with a pH greater than 7 |
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Name three common acids used in the lab. |
Nitric acid Ethanoic acid Hydrochloric acid |
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Name three common alkalis used in the lab. |
Lime water Calcium hydroxide Sodium hydroxide |
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What occurs when smelling salts are added to water |
A solution is formed |
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What are the properties of a chemical? |
The properties of a chemical are what is like and what is can do |
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Name the different properties of a chemical. |
Appearance Solubility Smell pH etc... |
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What does the word "state" mean? |
The word state in chemistry means whether a substance is solid, liquid or gas |
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What part of a compound gives colour when mixed with hydrochloric acid and put under a flame? |
The metal part of a compound gives colour |
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What effect does a metal create with an acid when raised to a high temperature? |
An effervescence effect is created when an acid combines with a metal |
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Does the size of a particle affect the speed of a reaction? |
Yes, the smaller the particle size, the faster the speed of a reaction |
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What does "M" and what is it a measure of? |
"M" is a measure of how concentrated or dilute a solution is |
