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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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294. Pathophys of vasculitis syndromes?
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a. In all the vasculitis syndromes, blood vessels are inflamed and vascular necrosis can result.
b. Findings depend on the size of the vessel involved and the location of involvement (target organ ischaemia) c. If any pt has a systemic illness that has not been explained by another process (or has ischaemia involving one of more systems), entertain the diagnosis of vasculitis.. |
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295. 2 large vessel vasculitides?
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1. Takayasu’s arteritis
2. Temporal Arteritis |
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296. 5 medium vessel vasculitides?
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1. Polyarteritis Nodosa (PAN)
2. Kawasaki’s disease 3. Wegener’s granulomatosis 4. Churg-Strauss syndrome 5. Microscopic polyangiitis |
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297. 3 small vessel vasculitides?
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1. Henoch-Schonlein purpura
2. Hypersensitivity vasculitis 3. Behcet’s syndrome |
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298. Takayasu’s arteritis- who is affected most commonly?
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a. Most common in young Asian women
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299. What vessels are affected by Takayasu’s arteritis?
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a. Vasculitis of Aortic arch and its major branches
b. Potentially leading to stenosis or narrowing of vessels. |
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300. How do you diagnose Takayasu’s arteritis?
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a. Diagnosed via arteriogram
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301. Symptoms of Takayasu’s arteritis?
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a. Constitutional symptoms: Fever, night sweats, malaise, arthralgias, fatigue
b. Pain and tenderness over involved vessels c. S/S of ischaemia eventually develop in areas supplied by involved vessels. |
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302. Signs on PE of Takayasu’s arteritis?
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a. Absent pulses in carotid, radial, or ulnar arteries
b. Aortic regurg may be present. |
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303. Severe complications of Takayasu’s arteritis?
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a. Limb ischaemia
b. Aortic aneurysms c. Aortic regurg d. Stroke e. 2° HTN due to renal artery stenosis. |
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304. Main prognostic predictor with Takayasu’s arteritis?
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a. Presence or absence of the severe complications above.
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305. Tx of Takayasu’s arteritis?
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a. Steroids may relieve symptoms
b. Tx HTN c. Surgery or angioplasty may be required to recannulate stenosed vessels. d. Bypass grafting is sometimes necessary. |
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306. In whom should you suspect Takayasu’s arteritis?
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a. In a young woman with:
1. ↓’d/absent peripheral pulses 2. Discrepancies of BP (arm vs. leg) 3. Arterial bruits |
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307. Churg-Strauss syndrome pathology?
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a. Medium-vessel Vasculitis involving many organ systems (respiratory, cardiac, GI, skin, renal, neurologic)
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308. Clinical features of Churg-Strauss syndrome?
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a. Constitutional findings: Fever, fatigue, weight loss
b. Prominent respiratory tract findings (asthma, dyspnea) c. Skin lesions: Subcutaneous nodules, palpable purpura. |
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309. Dx of Churg-Strauss syndrome?!?!
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a. Biopsy of lung or skin tissue: prominence of Eosinophils!
b. Associated with p-ANCA!!!!! |
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310. Churg-Strauss syndrome prognosis?
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a. Poor
b. 5-yr survival of 25% c. Death is usually due to cardiac or pulmonary complication. |
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311. Tx of Churg-Strauss syndrome and survival prognosis with tx?
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a. Steroids
b. 5-yr prognosis improves to 50 |
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312. Wegener’s granulomatosis pathophys?
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a. Medium-vessel vasculitis predominantly involving the kidneys and upper and lower resp tracts (sometimes other organs as well)
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313. Symptoms of Wegener’s granulomatosis?
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a. Upper respiratory symptoms: e.g., sinusitis
i. Purulent or blood nasal discharge b. Oral ulcers (may be painful) c. Pulmonary symptoms: Cough, haemoptysis, dyspnea d. Renal involvement: Glomerulonephritis- may have rapidly progressive renal failure. e. Eye disease: conjunctivitis, scleritis f. Musculoskeletal: arthralgias, myalgias g. Tracheal stenosis h. Constitutional findings: fever, wt. loss. |
