S2 Anatomy Exam 2: Temporal & Infratemporal Regions

Front 1

The temporal & infratemporal fossae are separated by the ______________

Back 1

zygomatic arch

*both continuous deep to arch

Front 2

What does the temporal fossa contain?

Back 2

-pterion
-temporalis muscle & fascia
-deep temporal nerves
-zygomaticotemporal nerve

Front 3

What structures run superficially over temporal fossa?

Back 3

-superficial temporal artery
-superficial temporal vein
-auriculotemporal nerve
-retromandibular vein

Front 4

Which of the previous structures descends through the parotid gland?

Back 4

Retromandibular vein

Front 5

The retromandibular vein divides into anterior & posterior branches as it descends the parotid, what do each of these branches join?

Back 5

anterior + facial = common facial vein

posterior + posterior auricular vein = external jugular vein

Front 6

what does the common facial vein drain into?

Back 6

internal jugular vein

Front 7

Muscles of mastication:

Back 7

temporalis
masseter
lateral pterygoid
medial pterygoid

Front 8

The muscles of mastication develop from the ___ pharyngeal arch

Back 8

1st

Front 9

The muscles of mastication are innervated by motor fibers from what nerve?

Back 9

mandibular division of trigeminal nerve (V3)

Front 10

Temporalis muscle
location & action

Back 10

location: deep to zygomatic arch, inserts in coronoid process & ramus of mandible

action: elevates & retracts mandible

Front 11

Masseter muscle
location & action

Back 11

location: btwn lateral surface of ramus of mandible * zygomatic arch

action: elevates mandible

Front 12

Contents of Infratemporal fossa:

Back 12

-sphenomandibular ligament
-lateral pterygoid muscle
-medial pterygoid muscle
-mandibular nerve & chorda tympani
-maxillary artery
-pterygoid plexus of veins

Front 13

Lateral pterygoid muscle
location & action

Back 13

location- 2 heads, upper from greater wing of sphenoid & lower from lateral pterygoid plate, both insert into capsule & disk of TMJ & neck of mandible

action- depress & protrude mandible
(unilateral contraction= push chin to contralateral side)

Front 14

Medial pterygoid muscle
location & action

Back 14

location: 2 heads, superficial from maxillary tuberosity, deep from lateral pterygoid plate, both insert into medial surface of ramus & angle of mandible

action: elevate mandible
(unilateral contraction assist w/ side to side motion)

Front 15

What is the only mixed nerve of CN V?

Back 15

mandibular nerve

(carries motor fibers to muscles of mastication)
*gives off meingeal branch

Front 16

The mandibular nerve enters the infratemporal fossa through the ________________

Back 16

foramen ovale

Front 17

What does the anterior division of the mandibular nerve supply?

Back 17

-motor to muscles of mastication
-sensory to skin of cheek via BUCCAL BRANCH

Front 18

What does the posterior division of the mandibular nerve supply

Back 18

-sensory via AURICULOTEMPORAL, LINGUAL, & INFERIOR ALVEOLAR nerves
-motor via MYLOHYOID branch of INFERIOR ALVEOLAR

Front 19

The auriculotemporal nerve (from post. mandibular)
carries postganglionic parasympathetic fibers from ___________ to ______________

Back 19

otic ganglion to parotid gland

Front 20

The auriculotemporal nerve splits around what artery ?
(w/i infratemporal fossa)

Back 20

middle meningeal artery

Front 21

The lingual nerve (from post. mandibular) carries general sensation from where?

Back 21

anterior 2/3 of tongue
& floor of oral cavity

Front 22

The lingual nerve is joined by what in the infratemporal fossa?

Back 22

chorda tympani nerve fibers (CN 8)

Front 23

The chorda tympani carries preganglionic parasympathetic fibers TO submandibular ganglion & _______________________

Back 23

taste FROM anterior 2/3 tongue

Front 24

The inferior alveolar nerve carries general sensation from ______________________________________
It gives off the nerve to mylohyoid that supplies ____________
& the mental nerve that carries sensation from ________________
(also gives off incisive nerve)

Back 24

sensation from mandibular teeth & gingiva (inferior alveolar)
supplies mylohoid m & anterior digastric belly (mylohyoid)
carries sensation from mucosa & skin of lower lip & chin (mental)

Front 25

The maxillary artery is divided into 3 parts, describe each

Back 25

1. before lateral pterygoid muscle
2. superficial/deep to muscle
3. after the muscle

Front 26

What branches does the 1st part of the maxillary give off & what do they supply?

Back 26

-middle meningeal artery: meninges & cranial vault (may give off accessory meningeal artery)
-inferior alveolar artery: mandible & its teeth, chin & lower lip

Front 27

What branches does the 2nd part give off?

Back 27

-deep temporal arteries: temporalis, pterygoids, & masseter muscles
-buccal artery: buccinator muscle, overlying skin & cheek mucosa

Front 28

What branches does the 3rd part give off?

Back 28

-infraorbital artery: orbit & anterior alveolar arteries
-greater palatine: oral cavity
-sphenopalatine: nasal cavity
-pharyngeal: palatovaginal canal
-artery of pterygoid canal
-posterior superior alveolar: infratemporal surface of maxilla

Front 29

The pterygoid plexus of veins surround what muscle?

Back 29

lateral pterygoid muscle

Front 30

What do the pterygoid plexus veins come together to form?

Back 30

maxillary veins

Front 31

The pterygoid plexus veins connect via ____________ w/ cavernous sinus
& w/ facial veins via ____________

Back 31

emissary veins

deep facial vein

Front 32

What does the pterygopalatine fossa contain?

Back 32

maxillary nerve
maxillary artery (terminal portion)
pterygopalatine parasympathetic ganglion (PPG)

Front 33

What 2 fossa's does the pterygoid canal connect?

Back 33

middle cranial fossa (posteriorly) &
pterygopalatine fossa (anteriorly)

Front 34

What nerve forms & runs in the pterygoid canal?

Back 34

"nerve of the pterygoid canal"
(vidian nerve)

Front 35

2 different fiber types come together to form the vidian nerve. Differentiate btwn them

Back 35

Greater petrosal fibers- preganglionic parasympathetic, from CN 7, relayed in PPG to postganglionic secretomotor fibers

Deep petrosal fibers- postganglionic parasympathetic, from carotid plexus

Front 36

What do fibers from the vidian nerve innervate?

Back 36

lacrimal, nasal mucous, & oral mucous glands

Front 37

What does the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) connect to?

Back 37

condyle of mandible
mandibular fossa of temporal bone
articular tubercle

Front 38

What does the articular disc subdivide?

Back 38

The articular cavity into upper & lower joint cavities

Front 39

Movement of TMJ

Back 39

*multidirectional movement:
-hinge movement (lower cavity)
-gliding movement (upper cavity)

Front 40

3 main movements involved in chewing

Back 40

1. depression & protrusion (jaw opening)
2. elevation & retraction (jaw closure)
3. shift (side-to-side) movement

Front 41

Muscles & movements involved in depression & protrusion (jaw opening)

Back 41

-->forward gliding of mandibular head to articular tubercle (GRAVITY is involved)
muscles:
lateral ptergoid (main)*
digastric*
mylohoid
gleniohyoid

Front 42

Muscles & movements involved in elevation & retraction (jaw closure)

Back 42

-->backward gliding of mandibular head to temporal fossa
muscles:
masseter
temporalis
medial pterygoid

Front 43

Muscles & movements involved in shift (side-to-side) movement

Back 43

--> downward-upward rotation of mandibular head around horizontal axis
muscles:
masseters
medial pterygoid

Front 44

TMJ dislocation

Back 44

*most common anterior dislocation
-follows extreme opening of mouth

Front 45

TMJ syndrome

Back 45

symptoms: pain & tenderness w/ chewing
limited jaw movement, earaches, dizziness, neck pain/stiffnes