S W E V S 1-3

Front 1

Cattle kingdom

Back 1

The Cattle Kingdom. The cattle industry grew tremendously in the two decades after the Civil War, moving into western Kansas and Nebraska, Colorado, Wyoming, Montana, and the Dakotas in the 1870s and 1880s with the expansion of the railroads.

Front 2

Boomtown/ghost town

Back 2

a town undergoing rapid growth due to sudden prosperity./a deserted town with few or no remaining inhabitants.

Front 3

Chisholm Trail

Back 3

A trail used in the post-Civil War era to drive cattle overland, from ranches in Texas to Kansas railheads.

Front 4

Comstock lode

Back 4

A lode of silver ore located under the eastern slope of Mount Davidson, a peak in the Virginia Range in Nevada (then western Utah Territory). It was the first major discovery of silver ore in the United States.

Front 5

Transcontinental railroad

Back 5

A 1,912-mile (3,077 km) continuous railroad line constructed between 1863 and 1869 that connected the existing eastern U.S. rail network at Omaha, Nebraska/Council Bluffs, Iowa with the Pacific coast at the Oakland Long Wharf on San Francisco Bay.

Front 6

Fronteir

Back 6

A line or border separating two countries.

Front 7

Treaty of Fort Laramie

Back 7

The Treaty of Fort Laramie (also called the Sioux Treaty of 1868) was an agreement between the United States and the Oglala, Miniconjou, and Brulé bands of Lakota people, Yanktonai Dakota and Arapaho Nation[1]signed on April 29, 1868 at Fort Laramie in the Wyoming Territory, guaranteeing the Lakota ownership of the Black Hills, and further land and hunting rights in South Dakota, Wyoming, and Montana. The Powder River Country was to be henceforth closed to all whites. The treaty ended Red Cloud's War.

Front 8

Reservation

Back 8

An area of land set aside for occupation by North American Indians or Australian Aborigines.

Front 9

Buffalo Soldier

Back 9

African-American men known as buffalo soldiers served on the western frontier, battling Indians and protecting settlers.

Front 10

Chivington/Sand Creek massacre

Back 10

A massacre in the American Indian Wars that occurred on November 29, 1864, when a 675-man force of Colorado U.S. Volunteer Cavalry[3] attacked and destroyed a village of Cheyenne and Arapaho in southeastern Colorado Territory

Front 11

Battle of Little Bighorn

Back 11

Known to the Lakota and other Plains Indians as the Battle of the Greasy Grass and also commonly referred to as Custer's Last Stand, was an armed engagement between combined forces of the Lakota, Northern Cheyenne, and Arapaho tribes and the 7th Cavalry Regiment of the United States Army.

Front 12

Ghost Dance

Back 12

The Ghost Dance was a new religious movement incorporated into numerous American Indian belief systems.

Front 13

Dawes General Alloment Act (Dawes Act)

Back 13

The Dawes Act of 1887, adopted by Congress in 1887, authorized the President of the United States to survey American Indian tribal land and divide it into allotments for individual Indians.

Front 14

Chief Joseph

Back 14

A leader of the Wal-lam-wat-kain (Wallowa) band of Nez Perce, a Native American tribe of the interior Pacific Northwest region of the United States, in the latter half of the 19th century.

Front 15

Massacre at wounded knee

Back 15

The Wounded Knee Massacre occurred on December 29, 1890, near Wounded Knee Creek on the Lakota Pine Ridge Indian Reservation in the U.S. state of South Dakota.

Front 16

Homestead act

Back 16

The Homestead Acts were several United States federal laws that gave an applicant ownership of land, typically called a "homestead," at no cost.

Front 17

Populist Party

Back 17

The People's party, more commonly known as the Populist party, was organized in St. Louis in 1892 to represent the common folk—especially farmers—against the entrenched interests of railroads, bankers, processers, corporations, and the politicians in league with such interests.

Front 18

Sodbuster

Back 18

A farmer or farm worker who plows the land.

Front 19

Exodusters

Back 19

Exodusters was a name given to African Americans who migrated from states along the Mississippi River to Kansas in the late nineteenth century, as part of the Exoduster Movement or Exodus of 1879. It was the first general migration of blacks following the Civil War.

Front 20

Oklahoma land rush

Back 20

The Oklahoma Land Rush of 1889 was the first land rush into the Unassigned Lands.

Front 21

National Grange

Back 21

The Grange, officially referred to as The National Grange of the Order of Patrons of Husbandry, is a fraternal organization in the United States that encourages families to band together to promote the economic and political well-being of the community and agriculture.

Front 22

Law of supply and demand

Back 22

In microeconomics, supply and demand is an economic model of price determination in a market.