S-C Chapter 1 Vocab

Front 1

Social psychology

Back 1

The scientific study of how we feel about, think about and behave toward people and how our feelings thoughts and behavior are influenced by those people.

Front 2

Social neuroscience

Back 2

The study of how our social behavior both influence and is influenced by the activities of our brain

Front 3

Social situation

Back 3

The people with whom we interact with everyday

Front 4

Social influence

Back 4

The process through which other people change our thoughts, feeling and behaviors and through which we change theirs

Front 5

The person situation interaction

Back 5

The joint influence of person variables and situational variables.

Hint 5

Behavior = f (person, social-situation)

Front 6

Evolutionary adaptation

Back 6

The assumption that human nature, including much of our social behavior is determined largely by our evolutionary past.

Front 7

Fitness

Back 7

refers to the extent in which having a given characteristic helps the individual organism to survive and reproduce at a higher rate than other members of the species who don't have the characteristic.

Front 8

Self concern

Back 8

The motivation to protect and enhance the self and others who are close to us.

Front 9

Other concern

Back 9

The motivation to afflite with, accept and be accepted by others .

Front 10

Kin selection

Back 10

Strategies that favor the reproductive success of ones relatives, sometimes at the cost of the individuals own survival.

Front 11

Ingroup

Back 11

The whom we view as being similar to and important to us and with whom we share close personal connections.

Front 12

Social support

Back 12

The comfort that we recieve from the people around us- family friends, classmates, co-workers, etc

Front 13

Social norms

Back 13

The way of thinking, feeling, or behaving that are shared by group members and perceived by then as appropriate.

Front 14

Culture

Back 14

Represents a group of people, normally living within a given geographical region, who shares a common set of social norms, including religious and family values and moral beliefs.

Front 15

Individualism

Back 15

Cultural norms, common in western societies that focus primarly on self enhancement and independence.

Front 16

Collectivism

Back 16

Cultural norms common in eastern countries that indicate people should be more fundamentally connected with others and thus orientated towards interdependence.

Front 17

Social cognition

Back 17

Cognition the relates to social activities and helps us understand and predict the behavior of ourselves and others

Front 18

Schema

Back 18

A knowledge representation that includes information about a person or group.

Hint 18

Joe is a friendly guy, Italians are romantic.

Front 19

Attitude

Back 19

A knowledge representation that includes primarily out likeing or disliking of a person, thing or group.

Front 20

Affect

Back 20

Refers to the feelings we experience as part of our everday lives.

Front 21

Mood

Back 21

Refers to the positive or negative feelings that are in the background of our everyday experiences

Front 22

Emotions

Back 22

Brief, but often Intense, mental physiological feeling states.

Front 23

Social exchange

Back 23

The sharing of goods and services, emotions and other social out comes among people

Front 24

Reciprocal altruism

Back 24

The mutual and generally equitable, exchange of benefits between people.

Front 25

Empirical

Back 25

Based on the collection and systematic analysis of observable data

Front 26

Hindsight bias

Back 26

The tendency to think that we could've predicted something that we probably wouldn't have been able to predict.

Front 27

Conceptual variables

Back 27

A decription of the characteristic that is being measured

Front 28

Operational definition

Back 28

The method used to measure concept variables

Front 29

Self report measure

Back 29

A measure in which individuals are asked to respond to questions posed by an interviewer or questionair

Front 30

Electroencephalography (EEG)

Back 30

A technique the records the electrical activity produced by the brains neurons through the use of electrodes that are placed around the research participants head

Front 31

Functional magnetic resonance imaging (FMRI)

Back 31

A Neuro technique that use a magnetic field to create images of brain structure and function by using a large cylindrical structure that a very strong magnet, nerve cells in the brain that are active use more oxygen, the need for oxygen increases blood flow and then the FMRI detects the blood flow in each brain region.

Front 32

Observational research

Back 32

Research that involves making observations of behavior and then recording those behaviors in an objective manner.

Front 33

Research hypotheses

Back 33

A specific and falsiabl prediction regarding the relationship between two or more variable.

Front 34

Falsifiable

Back 34

When the outcome of research can demonstrate empirically either that there is support for the hypothesis or that there is actually no relationship between the variables or the the actual relationship is not in the direction that was predicted.

Front 35

Correlational research

Back 35

Research that involves the measurement of two or more related variables and an assessment of the relationship between the variables.

Front 36

Common casual variable

Back 36

In coralational research a variable that is not part of the research hypothesis but cause the variables of interest to be correlated, this producing a correlation between them.

Hint 36

3rd variable

Front 37

Experimental research

Back 37

Research design that includes the manipulation of a given situation or experience for to or more qroups of individuals who are intitally created to be equivalent followed by a measurement of the effect of that experience.

Front 38

Independent variable

Back 38

Variables that are manipulated be the researcher

Front 39

Dependent variable

Back 39

Variables that are measured after the manipulation of the (I.V) have occurred.

Front 40

Random assignment conditions

Back 40

Most common method of creating equivalence among the experimental condition before the experiment

Front 41

Internal validity

Back 41

The extent to which changes in the dependent variable in an experiment can confidently be attributed to changes in the independent variable.

Front 42

Field experiment

Back 42

Experimental research that is conducted in a natural eviornment.

Front 43

Factorial research design

Back 43

Experimental design that has to or more independent variables

Front 44

Cover story

Back 44

A false statement of what the research was really about

Front 45

Experimental confederate

Back 45

A person who is actually part of the experimental team but who pretends to be another participant in the study.

Front 46

External validity

Back 46

Refers to the extent to which relationships can be expected to hold up when they are tested again in different ways and fort different people.

Front 47

Replication

Back 47

The repeating of research

Front 48

Meta analysis

Back 48

A statistical procedure in which results of exsisting studies are imtergrated to draw new conclusions about research hypothesis.