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37 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Нельзя + НСВ
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forbidden
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Нельзя + СВ
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impossible
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Можно + НСВ
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permission, general possibility
usually contains additional information (10%) |
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Можно + СВ
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concrete request (90%)
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Tense and meaning:
Не надо |
it is not necessary; one mustn’t; one ought not
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Tense and meaning:
Не нужно |
HCB
it is not necessary; one ought not, one shouldn’t, one mustn’t, one doesn’t need |
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Tense and meaning:
Не положено |
one is not supposed to do that; it is not done
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Tense and meaning:
Не сто́ит |
it is not worth it to do that
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Tense and meaning:
Не принято |
it is not acceptable to
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Tense and meaning:
Не полагается |
one is not supposed to
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Tense and meaning:
Не следует |
it should not be
HCB |
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Tense and meaning:
Не разрешается |
it is forbidden to
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Tense and meaning:
Запрещается |
it is prohibited to
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Tense and meaning:
Воспрещается |
it is prohibited to
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Надо + НСВ
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It's time to (пора)
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Positive Modal Infinitive Meanings of both Aspects
можно, надо, нужно, должен |
НСВ: it is time to, beginning of action
СВ: refers to future action |
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Negative Modal Infinitive Meaning of Both Aspects
нельзя, не стоит, не надо, не нушно, не следует, не принято, не полагается |
НСВ: action is forbidden or unnecessary
СВ: action is impossible |
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Meaning of each aspect with Modals Followed by Negative:
можно не, может не, должен не, any verb + не |
НСВ: action does not have to be performed; agent has permission not to perform action
СВ: a possibility exists that the action may not be performed (usually with speaker’s apprehension) |
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Броса́ть/бро́сить
Verb Class Meaning Aspect of Trailing Infinitive |
( ай / и )
to quit, give up, break (a habit) НСВ |
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Конча́ть/ко́нчить
Verb Class Meaning Aspect of Trailing Infinitive |
(-ай / и )
to end НСВ |
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Надоеда́ть/надое́сть
Verb Class Meaning Aspect of Trailing Infinitive |
( ай / *)
to be fed up with НСВ |
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Начина́ть/нача́ть
Verb Class Meaning Aspect of Trailing Infinitive |
( ай / н )
to begin НСВ |
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Отвыка́ть/отвы́кнуть
Verb Class Meaning Aspect of Trailing Infinitive |
( ай /[-ну-])
to become unaccustomed to НСВ |
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Привыка́ть/привы́кнуть
Verb Class Meaning Aspect of Trailing Infinitive |
( ай /[-ну-])
to become accustomed to НСВ |
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Перестав́ать/переста́ть
Verb Class Meaning Aspect of Trailing Infinitive |
( авай / н )
to stop НСВ |
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Продолжа́ть
Verb Class Meaning Aspect of Trailing Infinitive |
( ай )
to continue НСВ |
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Устава́ть/уста́ть
Verb Class Meaning Aspect of Trailing Infinitive |
( авай / н )
to tire НСВ |
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Станови́ться/стать
Verb Class Meaning Aspect of Trailing Infinitive |
( и / н )
to become НСВ |
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Учи́ться/научи́ться (разучи́ться)
Verb Class Meaning Aspect of Trailing Infinitive |
( и / и )
to learn (unlearn) НСВ |
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Хоте́ться/захоте́ться (расхоте́ться)
Verb Class Meaning Aspect of Trailing Infinitive |
(*/*)
to want (stop wanting) НСВ |
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Забыва́ть/забы́ть
Verb Class Meaning Aspect of Trailing Infinitive |
( ай /*)
to forget CB |
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Мечта́ть
Verb Class Meaning Aspect of Trailing Infinitive |
( ай )
to day dream CB |
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Остава́ться/оста́ться
Verb Class Meaning Aspect of Trailing Infinitive |
( авай/ н ) оста́лось
to remain, stay, be left CB |
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Спеши́ть
Verb Class Meaning Aspect of Trailing Infinitive |
( и )
to hurry CB |
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Торопи́ться
Verb Class Meaning Aspect of Trailing Infinitive |
( и )
to hurry CB |
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Успева́ть/успе́ть
Verb Class Meaning Aspect of Trailing Infinitive |
( ай / ей )
to have time, be successful, manage CB |
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Удава́ться/уда́ться
Verb Class Meaning Aspect of Trailing Infinitive |
( авай /*)
to turn out well, succeed, manage CB |