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28 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the advantages of a nasal CPAP mask?
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Easy to fit and secure
Decreases claustrophobic feeelings Patients can walk, talk and cough Less mechanical dead space |
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What are the disadvantages of of a nasal CPAP mask?
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Air leaks
Skin irritation |
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What are the advantages of a full face mask?
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Less leaks
Treatment or ARF |
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What are the disadvantages of a full face mask?
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Aspiration risk
Risk of asphyxia (if machine.e stops working) Increased dead space rebreathing risk Claustrophobia |
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How are noninvasive ventilators classified?
What powers them? What drive es them? What controls them? |
NPV
PPV Abdominal displacement Electrically powered Blower driven Microprocessor controlled |
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What are the initial Ipap settings?
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8 - 12
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What are the initial Epap settings?
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3 - 5
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What adverse effects might occur if ventilation is ended too early or activation occurs too early?
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Ventilator muscle fatigue
Reintubation Increase nosocomial infection Compromised gas exchange Loss of airway protection Increased mortality |
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What are the three ways to increase oxygenation during mechanical ventilation?
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PAW
Increase FiO2 Add PEEP |
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What type of CPAP is generated by using constant pressure regardless of the flow rate? (Uses a spring loaded valve, diaphragm, or membrane)
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Threshold
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Which CPAP is generated by the flow passing through a restricted orifice?
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Resistor
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What conditions benefit from PEEP?
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ALI or ARDS
Cardiogenic pulmonary edema (CHF ) Bilateral, diffuse pneumonia |
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During weaning with pressure support what is reduced as long as the spontaneous rate is maintained and no distress is present?
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Decrease the PS
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What are some methods to gradually wean from mechanical ventilation?
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SIMV
T piece PSV |
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What equipment is needed to setup an aerosol system for spontaneous breathing trial?
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OHM
O2 supply Large bore tubing Reservoir bag |
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Patients that live far from a hospital or are totally dependent on the vent, may need what for back up?
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Back up ventilator
O2 tank Power source |
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What can occur if frequent instilling of saline while suctioning?
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Irritation of airways
Bronchospasms Increased risk of bacterial pneumonia |
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What is the hopeful result of proning an ARDS patient?
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Improve oxygenation
Decrease the degree of the shunt present in the lungs Redistribution of perfusion |
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What can be done to prevent ICU psychosis?
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Sedation vacation
Orientate the patient Time and place |
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How often should a ventilators circuit be changed?
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As needed
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What should a therapist do when their patients ventilator alarm is going off?
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Check the patient
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When switching from VC to PC, how can the initial pressure be determined?
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Peak inspiratory pressure
Set the volume on PC by changing the pressure support |
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Why is mechanical ventilation for severe asthma difficult to manage?
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Increased RAW from bronchospasms and secretions
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What will high levels of PEEP do to the right ventricular preload?
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Decrease
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What will high levels of PEEP do to the right ventricular afterload?
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Increase
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When treating a closed head injury patient, what can be done with the ventilator to decrease ICP's?
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Increase frequency
No PEEP Hyperventilate |
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What is the normal range for ICP's?
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Less than 10 cmH2O
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PEEP helps restore which lung value?
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FRC
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