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37 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Renal tubular acidosis (RTA) associated w/ abnormal H+ secretion & nephrolithiasis.
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Type I (distal) RTA
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RTA associated w/ abnormal HCO3- & rickets.
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Type II (proximal) RTA
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RTA associated w/ aldosterone defect.
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Type IV (distal) RTA
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"Doughy skin."
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Hypernatremia
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Differential of hypervolemic hyponatremia.
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cirrhosis
CHF nephritic syndrome |
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Chvostek's & Trousseau's signs.
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Hypocalcemia
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Peaked T waves & widened QRS.
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Hyperkalemia
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1st-line treatment for moderate hypercalcemia.
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IV hydration & loop diuretics (furosemide)
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Type of ARF in a patient w/ FeNa (Na subscript) < 1%
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Prerenal
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A 49 y/o male presents w/ acute-onset flank pain & hematuria.
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Nephrolithiasis
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The most common type of nephrolithiasis.
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Calcium oxalate
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A 20 y/o man presents w/ palpable flank mass & hematuria. Ultrasound shows bilateral enlarged kidneys w/ cysts. Associated brain anomaly?
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Cerebral berry aneurysms (AD PCKD)
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Hematuria,
HTN, & Oliguria. |
NephrItic syndrome
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Proteinuria,
Hypoalbuminemia, Hyperlipidemia, Hyperlipiduria, & Edema. |
NephrOtic syndrome
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The most common form of nephrItic syndrome.
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Membranous glomerulonephritis
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The most common form of glomerulonephritis.
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IgA nephropathy (Berger's disease)
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Glomerulonephritis w/ deafness.
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Alport's syndrome
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Glomerulonephritis w/ hemoptysis.
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Wegener's granulomatosis &
Goodpasture's syndrome |
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Presence of red cells in urine sediment.
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Glomerulonephritis/nephritic syndrome
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Eosinophils in urine sediment.
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Allergic interstitial nephritis
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Waxy casts in urine sediment & Maltese crosses (seen w/ lipiduria).
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Nephrotic syndrome
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Drowsiness, asterixis, nausea, & a pericardial friction rub.
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Uremic syndrome seen in patients w/ renal failure
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A 55 y/o man is diagnosed w/ prostate cancer. Treatment options?
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wait,
surgical resection, radiation &/or androgen suppression |
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Low urine specific gravity in the presence of high serum osmolality.
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Diabetes insipidis (DI)
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Treatment of SIADH?
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fluid restriction, demeclocycline
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Hematuria, flank pain, & palpable flank mass.
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Renal cell carcinoma (RCC)
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Testicular cancer associated w/ β-hCG, AFP.
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Choriocarcinoma
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The most common type of testicular cancer.
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Seminoma
(a type of germ cell tumor) |
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The most common histology of bladder cancer.
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Transitional cell carcinoma
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Complication of overly rapid correction of hyponatremia.
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Central pontine myelinolysis
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Salicylate ingestion ⇨ in what type of acid-base disorder?
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Anion gap acidosis &
1° respiratory alkalosis due to central respiratory stimulation |
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Acid-base disturbance commonly seen in pregnant women.
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Respiratory alkalosis
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Three systemic diseases ⇨ nephrOtic syndrome.
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DM
SLE Amyloidosis |
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Elevated erythropoietin level, elevated hematocrit, & normal O2 saturation suggest?
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RCC or other erythropoietin-producing tumor; evaluate w/ CT scan
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A 55 y/o man presents w/ irritative & obstructive urinary symptoms. Treatment options?
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Likely BPH.
Options include: no treatment terazosin finasteride surgical intervention (TURP) |
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The most common cause of hypercalcemia.
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malignancy & hyperparathyroidism
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T-wave flattening & U waves.
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Hypokalemia
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