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17 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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The most common cause of hypothyroidism.
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Hashimoto's thyroiditis
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Lab findings in Hashimoto's thyroiditis.
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high TSH,
low T4, antimicrosomal antibodies |
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Exophalamos, pretibial myxedema, & ⇩TSH
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Grave's disease
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The most common cause of Cushing's syndrome.
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Iatrogenic steroid administration.
(2nd most common is Cushing's disease) |
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A patient presents w/ signs of hypocalcemia, high phosphorus, & low PTH.
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Hypoparathyroidism
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"Stones, bones, groans, psychiatric overtones."
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Signs & symptoms of hypercalcemia.
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A patient complains of headache, weakness, & polyuria; exam reveals hypertension & tetany. Labs reveal hypernatremia, hypokalemia, & metabolic alkalosis.
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Primary hyperaldosteronism
(due to Conn's syndrome or bilateral adrenal hyperplasia) |
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A patients presents with tachycardia, wild swings in BP, headache, diaphoresis, altered mental status, & a sense of panic.
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Pheochromocytoma
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Should α- or β-antagonists be used first in treating pheochromocytoma?
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α-antagonists
(phentolamine & phenoxybenzamine) |
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A patient w/ a history of lithium use presents with copious amounts of dilute urine.
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Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus (DI)
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Treatment of central diabetes insipidus.
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Administration of DDAVP ⇩serum osmolality & free water restriction
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A postoperative patient w/ significant pain presents with hyponatremia & normal volume status.
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SIADH due to stress
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An antidiabetic agent associated w/ lactic acidosis.
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Metformin
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A patient presents w/ weakness, nausea, vomiting, weight loss, & new skin pigmentation. Labs show hyponatremia & hyperkalemia. Treatment?
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Primary adrenal insufficiency (Addison's disease).
Treat with replacement glucocorticoids, mineralcorticids, & IV fluids. |
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Goal hemoglobin A1c for a patient w/ DM.
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<7.0
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Treatment of DKA.
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Fluids, insulin, & aggressive replacement of electrolytes (e.g. K+)
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What are β-blockers contraindicated in diabetics?
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They can mask symptoms of hypoglycemia. (How?)
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