Rr Firstaid Step2 Ck: Cardiovascular

Front 1

Class EKG finding in atrial flutter.

Back 1

"Sawtooth " P waves

Front 2

Definition of unstable angina.

Back 2

Angina is new, is worsening, or occurs at rest.

Front 3

Antihypertensive for a dibetic patient with proteinuria.

Back 3

ACEI (ACE Inhibitor)

Front 4

Beck's triad for cardiac tamponade.

Back 4

1. Hypotension LINEBREAK 2. Distant heart sounds LINEBREAK 3. JVD

Front 5

Drugs that slow AV node transmission.

Back 5

Beta-blockers LINEBREAK Digoxin LINEBREAK Calcium channel blockers

Front 6

Hypercholesterolemia treatment that causes flushing & pruritis.

Back 6

Niacin

Front 7

Murmur from hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy (HOCM).

Back 7

Systolic ejection murmur LINEBREAK best at LUSB LINEBREAK increases with Valsalva maneuver, standing, or leaning forward.

Front 8

Murmur from aortic insufficiency.

Back 8

Diastolic "decrescendo," high-pitched, blowing murmur LINEBREAK best at RUSB LINEBREAK best heard sitting up LINEBREAK increases with decreased preload (handgrip maneuver).

Front 9

Murmur from aortic stenosis.

Back 9

Systolic "crescendo/decrescendo" murmur LINEBREAK radiates to the neck LINEBREAK increases with increased preload (Valsalva maneuver).

Front 10

Murmur from mitral regurgitation.

Back 10

Holosystolic murmur LINEBREAK radiates to the axillae or carotids LINEBREAK "blowing"

Front 11

Murmur from mitral stenosis.

Back 11

Diastolic, mid to late, low-pitched murmur LINEBREAK best at apex LINEBREAK "rumbling"

Front 12

Treatment for atrial fibrillation.

Back 12

cardiovert LINEBREAK rate control (CCB or B-Blocker) LINEBREAK anticoagulation if any RFs

Front 13

Treatment for ventricular fibrillation.

Back 13

Immediate cardioversion

Front 14

Autoimmune complication occuring 2-4 weeks post-MI.

Back 14

Dressler's syndrome: fever, pericarditis, increased ESR

Front 15

IV drug use with JVD & holosystolic murmur at the left sternal border. Treatment?

Back 15

Treat existing heart failure & replace tricuspid valve

Front 16

Diagnostic test for hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.

Back 16

Echocardiogram (showing thickening left ventricular wall & outflow obstruction)

Front 17

A fall in systolic BP of > 10 mmHg w/ inspiration.

Back 17

Pulsus paradoxus (seen in cardiac tamponade)

Front 18

Classic ECG findings in pericarditis.

Back 18

Low-voltage, diffuse ST segment elevation

Front 19

Definition of hypertension.

Back 19

BP > 140/90 on three separate occasions two weeks apart.

Front 20

Treatment option for HTN caused by Renal artery stenosis.

Back 20

Surgery

Hint 20

treats underlying disease

Front 21

Treatment option for HTN caused by coarctation of the aorta.

Back 21

Surgery

Hint 21

treats underlying disease

Front 22

Treatment option for HTN caused by pheochromocytoma.

Back 22

Surgery

Hint 22

treats underlying disease

Front 23

Treatment option for HTN caused by conn's syndrome.

Back 23

Surgery

Hint 23

treats underlying disease

Front 24

Treatment option for HTN caused by unilateral renal parenchymal disease.

Back 24

Surgery

Hint 24

treats underlying disease

Front 25

Treatment option for HTN caused by hyperthyroidism.

Back 25

Surgery

Hint 25

treats underlying disease

Front 26

Treatment option for HTN caused by Hyperparathyroidism.

Back 26

Surgery

Hint 26

treats underlying disease

Front 27

Treatment option for HTN caused by Cushing's syndrome.

Back 27

Surgery

Hint 27

treats underlying disease

Front 28

Name eight surgically correctable causes of hypertension.

Back 28

Renal artery stenosis LINEBREAK Coarctation of the aorta LINEBREAK Pheochromocytoma LINEBREAK Conn's syndrome LINEBREAK Cushing's syndrome LINEBREAK Unilateral renal parenchymal disease LINEBREAK Hyperthyroidism LINEBREAK Hyperparathyroidism

Front 29

Evaluation of a pulsatile abdominal mass & bruit.

Back 29

Abdominal ultrasound & CT

Front 30

Indications for surgical repair of abdominal aortic aneurysm.

Back 30

> 5.5 cm, rapidly enlarging, symptomatic, or ruptured

Front 31

Treatment for acute coronary syndrome.

Back 31

Morphine LINEBREAK O2 LINEBREAK Sublingual nitroglycerin LINEBREAK ASA LINEBREAK IV beta-blockers LINEBREAK Heparin

Hint 31

MONA-BH

Front 32

What is the metabolic syndrome?

Back 32

abdominal obesity LINEBREAK high triglycerides LINEBREAK low HDL LINEBREAK HTN LINEBREAK insulin resistance LINEBREAK prothrombic or proinflammatory states

Front 33

A 50-year-old man w/ angina can exercise to 85% of maximum predicted heart rate. Appropriate diagnostic test?

Back 33

Exercise stress treadmill w/ECG

Front 34

A 65-year-old woman with left bundle branch block & severe osteoarthritis has unstable angina. Appropriate diagnostic test?

Back 34

Pharmacologic stress test (e.g., dobutamine echo)

Front 35

Target LDL in a patient with Diabetes.

Back 35

< 70

Front 36

Signs of active ischemia during stress testing.

Back 36

Angina, ST-segment changes on ECG, or decreased BP

Front 37

ECG findings suggesting MI.

Back 37

ST-segment elevation (depression means ischemia) LINEBREAK flattened T waves LINEBREAK Q waves

Front 38

Coronary territory of an inferior MI.

Back 38

PDA

Front 39

Coronary territory of a posterior MI.

Back 39

left circumflex/oblique, RCA/marginal

Front 40

Coronary territory of a Setpal MI.

Back 40

LAD/diagonal

Front 41

Coronary territory of an Anterior Wall MI.

Back 41

LAD/diagonal

Front 42

A young patient has angina at rest w/ ST-segment elevation. Cardiac enzymes are normal. Likely diagnosis?

Back 42

Prinzmetal's angina

Front 43

Common symptoms associated with silent MIs.

Back 43

CHF, shock, & altered mental status

Front 44

The diagnostic test for pulmonary embolism.

Back 44

V/Q scan (spiral CT)

Front 45

An agent that reverses the effect of heparin.

Back 45

Protamine

Front 46

The coagulation parameter affected by warfarin.

Back 46

PT

Front 47

A young patient w/ a family history of sudden death collapses & dies while exercising.

Back 47

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

Front 48

Endocarditis prophalaxis regimens.

Back 48

Oral surgery: amoxicillin LINEBREAK GI or GU procedures: ampicillin & dentamicin before & amoxicillin after

Front 49

The 6 P's of ischemia due to peripheral vascular disease.

Back 49

Pain LINEBREAK Pallor LINEBREAK Pulselessness LINEBREAK Paralysis LINEBREAK Parathesia LINEBREAK Poikilothermia

Front 50

Virchow's triad.

Back 50

1. Stasis LINEBREAK 2. Hypercoagulability LINEBREAK 3. Endothelial damage

Front 51

The most common cause of HTN in young women.

Back 51

OCPs

Front 52

The most common cause of HTN in young men.

Back 52

Excessive EtOH