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96 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Providing for enduring ouromes such as healthier lives and greater work productivity is a goal of which approach to wildland recreational management? |
Benefits based management
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only one riterion is used to define "social setting compnenet" of the ROS(recreation opportunity spectrum). Whtat is this criterion? |
The only criterion used to define the social setting component of the R O S is the use density. aka the number of people or contacts with others |
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The first Healthy Parks, Healthy People congress was held when and where? |
the first H P H P congress was held in 2010 in Australia |
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In the ROS , the number of regulations, presence or absence of staff, and the presence or absence of maintenece equipment in teh area describe what componento of the spectrum? |
the managerial setting |
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Activity based management is the only management in which the benefits to residents living near wildland recreation areas are considered. |
Activity based management is the only management in which the benefits to residents living near wildland recreation areas are considered. |
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According to the national institute of mental health, what percentage of americans suffer from a diagnosable mental disorder in a given year? |
26% of Americans suffer from a mental illness any given year |
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In general, for an area to be zoned by the Forest Service as "primitive" using the ROS, what is the minimum distance it should be from a road or railroad? |
to be zoned as primitive, the area must be a minimum of 3 miles away from a road or railroad. |
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in 2008, what was the estimated medical cost of obesity? |
in 2008, the estrimated annual medical cost of obesity in ameria was $147 billion |
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the US forest service version of the ROS describes a continuum of opportunities that range from primitive to urban |
the US forest service version of the ROS describes a continuum of opportunities that range from primitive to urban |
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our TA is from where? |
Anna is from Michigan. |
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What is the definition of a tree seedling? |
a tree seedling is a woody plant that is less than 1 inch in diameter |
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Grazing by pack stock of ground cover can have what impact that creates a departure from the areas natural conditions? |
grazing can impact the plant species compsition |
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gastroenteritis, the most common health impct from infected water in the US is caused by what? |
Gastroenteritis is caused by pathogens introduced into water. |
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Four-stroke engines on snowmobiles and personal watercraft are less polluting that two stroke engines |
Four-stroke engines on snowmobiles and personal watercraft are less polluting that two stroke engines |
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What is the indirect impact of recreational use on ground cover and soil? |
Soil Compaction reduced permeability less soil moisture reduced seed germination increased erosion |
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an oligotrophic lake is a what? |
an oligotrophic lake is a nutrient deficient lake with high dissolved oxygen levels |
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what are recreational sources of pathogens in water? |
untreated waste from pack stock large wakes from boats that stir bottom sediments untreated waste from humans untreated waste from pets |
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prickly pear, clover, and other non-woody plants are examples of a type of vegitation called forbs |
prickly pear, clover, and other non-woody plants are examples of a type of vegitation called forbs |
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recreation activity can affect water quality by introducting nutrients, pathogens, solid waste and suspended matter into water |
recreation activity can affect water quality by introducting nutrients, pathogens, solid waste and suspended matter into water |
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Which of the 5 great lakes suffered an algae bloom in the summer of 2014 that affected drinking water for 400,000 people in ohio and michigan? |
Lake Erie had the algae bloom |
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Impacts of the Outdoor Recreation Resources Review Commision are what? |
They established outdoor recreation as a federal responsibility. Established the 1964 Wilderness Act. Created National Wilderness Preservation System, which is the highest form of protection |
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The recreation demand hierarchy |
From top to bottom, the recreation deman hierarchy is: Benefits experiences settings activities. Remember BESA |
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The activity based management covers what? |
The activity based management covers Settings and Activities. Activity based management is a very common approach |
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the experience based management covers what/ |
the experience based management covers experiences, settings, and activities |
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the benefits based management covers what? |
the benefits based management covers long term benefits, as well as activites, experiences, and settings. |
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What was the 1975 Eastern Wilderness Act? |
the 1975 eastern wilderness act designated wilerness east of 100th meridian. can be less than 5000 acres. 6 areas designated in east texas.
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1965 Land and water conservation fund act did what? |
the 1965 land and water conservation act grants to states to meet demand or outdoor recreation. they have to make recreation plans ever 5 years |
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What did the 1964 wilderness act do? |
the 1964 wilderness act created the national wilderness preservation system. This is the highest form of protection |
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ABM measures success by what? |
ABM measures successs by the QUANTITY of participants |
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EBM measures success by what? |
EBM measure success by the quality of the experiences. these people want immediate rewarding experiences |
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BBm measures success by what? |
BBM measures success by lasting benefits |
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BBM focuses on who in particular? |
BBM focuses on the community residents near recreational areas |
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BBM is the least or most common? |
BBM is the least common, but spreading quickly |
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Which approach uses quanitity of participants to measure success? |
Activity based management measures success on the quantity of participants |
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Which approach to management considers the effects of recreation on nearby residents? |
Benefits Based Management considers the effects of recreation on nearby residents |
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What was Shin rin Yoku? |
shin rin yoku is a forest where you get a spa or some junk |
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What are examples of Pleasure ground? |
examples of pleasure ground are Frederick law olmstead and central park |
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What is the definition of health? |
Health is a state of complete physical, mental, and social well being ang not merely the absence of disease or infirmity |
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What percent of americans suffer from a diagnosable mental illness? |
26 percent of americans suffer from a diagnosable mental disorder |
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how much does beign obese cost us? |
being fat as heck costs like 147 billion dollars in medical costs alone (so thats not even counting how much food they buy) |
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how much of US adults are obese? |
more than one third of US adults are obese |
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"Nature- deficit disorder" |
get it? |
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who has the healthy and sustainable food program? |
the forest service |
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the recreation opportunity spectrum (ROS) goes from what to what? |
the ROS goes from primitive to urban |
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who developed the ROS? |
the US forest service developed the ROS |
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the ROS perserves experience quality and diversity |
the ROS perserves experience quality and diversity |
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the ROS is derived from the recreation demand hierarchy |
the ROS is derived from the recreation demand hierarchy |
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ROS is a form of what management? |
ROS is a form of experience based management |
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What are the 3 sub sections fo the recreation SETTING? |
physical social managerial |
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What are the ROS classes? |
Primitive Semi-primitive non-motorized semi-primitive morotized roaded natural rural urban |
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ROS class is controlled by physical setting, social setting, and managerial setting |
ROS class is controlled by physical setting, social setting, and managerial setting |
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What is under the physical ROS setting? |
remoteness, size, and evidence of humans |
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what is under the social ROS setting? |
use density. numbers of people and contacts a day |
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what is under the managerial setting? |
regimentation and noticability of the staff |
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Primitive zone has what characteristics? |
remote large little evidence of humans low use density litte regimentation or surveillance by staff on site |
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Urban zone has what characteristics? |
Accessible by road can be small human activity very evident high use density noticable regimentation |
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Not all experiences are settign dependent. Give examples! |
being with family change from routine being with friends resting being physically active |
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Which ROS classes would permit motorized recreation? |
semi-primitive morotized roaded natural rural urban |
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Which ROS classes would NOT permit motorized recreation? |
Primitive Semi-primitive non-motorized
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why are soils important? |
soil is basic to life. |
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Soil structure is based on what? |
soil structure is based on the combination of particles and pores |
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what is humus? |
humus is finish compost and improves soil structure. |
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soil porosity is based on what? |
soil porosity is based on teh amount of empty space between particles that lets soil and air move through soil |
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low porisity means what? |
low porosity means fewer and LARGER macropores (sandy soil) |
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high porosity means what? |
high porosity means more and smaller micropores (moist clay soils) |
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bulk density means what? |
bulk density means the weight of a unit volume of soil. Non compacted soils have LOWER density bulk |
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soil profile. OABC horizons |
oh aye bee see horizons |
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o horizon is what? |
o horizon is organic material and humus |
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a horizon is what? |
a horizon is mineral soil and organic material |
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b horizon is what? |
b horizon is higher organic content then A horizon (b leaches it from A) |
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c horizon is what? |
c horizon is the zone below active soil formation processes (it is sterile) |
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loss of the O horizon is called what? |
loss of the O horizon is called truncation |
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Soil compaction means what |
soil compaction means that soil particles are packed closer together. this sets off a chain reaction |
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soil compaction to use has what kind of relationshipi? |
soil compaction and use have a curvilinear relaationship |
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soil erosion is what? |
soil erosion can happen in sheet erosion or gully erosion. |
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sheet erosion is when water flows in sheets and picks up materials as it moves. |
gully erosion is when water flows in concentrated channesl, which increases it erosive power. |
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what are the important soil properties? |
the important soil properties inculde structure, porosity, bulk density, and profile |
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why is vegitation important? |
vegetation provides wildlife habitat, anchors soil, provides amenities, esthetic experiences, restorative settings, |
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what is habitat? |
habitat is where an animal population is normally found |
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what are the three vegetation categories? |
ground cover, shrubs and saplings, and trees |
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What are the 3 categories of ground cover? |
grasses , forbs (any non woody plant not a grass), tree seedlings(woody plants less than 1 inch) |
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what are the categories of Shrubs and Saplings? |
Shrubs (berries and other bushy woody plants)
Saplings ( young trees 1-5 inch in diameter) |
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What are the direct recreational impacts on vegetation? |
tramplin, removal, and scarring |
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what are the indirect impacts on vegetation |
compaction and erosion |
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which kind of vegetation is most affected by recreation? |
ground cover is most effected by recreation |
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What kind of vegetation is least affected by recreation? |
mature trees are the least effected by recreation |
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what is a forb? |
a forb is any non-woody plant that is not a grass |
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What are the 4 major kinda of reccreational impacts on water? |
the 4 major impacts on water are : nutrient influx, pathogens, solid waste, and suspended matter |
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what are the 2 types of lakes? |
oligotrophic and eutrophic |
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what is a nutrient influx ? |
a nutrient influx is too much phosphorus or nitrogen |
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eutrophic lakes are nutrient rich (eu are rich) |
oligotrophic lakes are nutrient deficient (oli gone) |
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where do the most important impacts on water quality come from? |
most important impacts on water quality come from pathogens, solid waste (trash/oil/gas), and suspended mater |
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Why is wildlife important? |
wildlife is important for nonconsumptive activities, consumptive activities, and ecological integrity of wildland. |
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which wildlife associated activites does texas lead the nation in? |
texas leads the nation in hunters, anglers (fishermen), |
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what are the direct effects on wildlife? |
direct effects on wildlife are harassment, disturbance, habituation, harvest, and exotic species invasion |
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what are indirect effects on wildlife? |
indirect effects on wildlife: habit modification |
