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19 Cards in this Set

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EMBRYOLOGY 27 GI EMB Dx
EMBRYOLOGY 27 GI EMB Dx
Esophageal Atresia
-Deviation of tracheoesophageal septum posteriorly.
S/S: POLYHYRAMNIOS during development
Hiatal Hernia
Hiatal Hernia
-Congenital - short esophagus.
-Part of stomach protrudes into thorax.
S/S: heartburn, lung/cardiac deficits or abnormalities
Pyloric Stenosis
-Congenital
-MALES > Females
-Hypertrophy of muscle layer in PYLORIC REGION
S/S: PROJECTILE VOMITING in newborns (3-4 WEEKS AFTER BIRTH - NON-BILIOUS)
Duodenal Stenosis and Atresia
-Stenosis: Incomplete RECANALIZATION (apoptosis) of EPITHELIUM in duodenum.
S/S: forceful vomiting
-Atresia: complete closure of lumen.
S/S: polyhydramnios, PROJECTILE VOMITING in newborns (1-2 WEEKS AFTER BIRTH - can be BILIOUS)
Accessory Hepatic Ducts (Duplicated Gall Bladder)
-Splitting of COMMON BILE to many HEPATIC DUCTS.
-Double GALLBLADDERS.
Extrahepatic Biliary Atresia
-Requires IMMEDIATE SURGERY. COMMON BILE DUCT does not recannalize after 2 mos., gall bladder bursts, bile gets into blood.
S/S: JAUNDICE
Intrahepatic Biliary Atresia
-Intrahepatic (rare), build up of bile in liver due to HEPATIC BILE DUCTS not recannalizing. Is initially benign, but leads to LIVER FAILURE.
Diabetes During Pregnancy
-A lot of INSULIN from the mother can cross the uteroplacental barrier leading to an abundance of FAT DEPOSIT in the baby.
Ectopic Pancreatic Tissue
-Reminants located in DUODENUM or MUCUOUS OF STOMACH.
-Part of MECKEL'S DIVERTICULUM.
Annular Pancreas
-Two buds rotate in opposite directions ENCIRCLING THE DUODENUM.
Apple Peel Atresia
-10% of bowel atresia.
-Jejunum not developed.
-Intestine looks like "apple peel".
S/S: malnutrition
Atresia/Stenosis of Gut Via Vascular Accidents
-VASCULAR ACCIDENTS of intestines leads to necrosis of bowels.
S/S: excessive distention, excessive vomiting in newborns
Omphalocele
-Intestinal Herniation into the BASE OF THE UMBILICUS fails to retract back into the body after 10th week.
-High mortality rate (25%), other malformations, 50% chromosomal abnormalities.
Gastrochisis
Gastrochisis
-Herniation of abdominal contents through a DEFECT in the abdominal wall.
-NOT in amnion (occurs lateral to umbilicus)
-Good mortality rate, NO CHROMOSOMAL ASSOCIATION.
Meckel's Diverticulum
Meckel's Diverticulum
-remnants of pancreatic tissue, connected to vitelline ligament.
Vitelline Cyst
-remnants of panc. tissue, connected via ligaments b/w abd wall & intestines.
Vitelline Fistula
-Continuation to the umbilicus from the intestine:
S/S: fecal matter exits umbilicus
Abnormal Rotation
-Leads to abnormal attachments, gut hernia, strangulation, volvus, and necrosis due to VASCULAR ACCIDENTS.