Roots: Musculoskeletal System

Front 1

oste-

oss-

osse-

Back 1

bone

Front 2

crani-

Back 2

cranium; [skull]

Front 3

ethmoid-

Back 3

ethmoid bone

Front 4

front-

Back 4

frontal bone; forehead bone

Front 5

mast-

mastoid-

Back 5

mastoid process

Front 6

occipit-

Back 6

occuput

occipital bone

Front 7

pariet-

Back 7

parietal bone; any "wall"

Front 8

sphen-

Back 8

sphenoid bone; a wedge-shaped bone

Front 9

tempor-

Back 9

temporal bone;

temple bone

Front 10

mal-

zygomat-

zygomatic-

Back 10

cheek; cheek bone; malar bone; zygomatic bone

Front 11

mandibul-

Back 11

mandible; [lower jaw]

Front 12

maxill-

Back 12

maxilla; [upper jaw]

Front 13

coccyg-

Back 13

coccyx; [tail bone]

Front 14

rachi-

spin-

Back 14

spinal column; spine

Front 15

sacr-

Back 15

sacrum; triangular pelvic bone

Front 16

spondyl-

vertebr-

Back 16

vertebra

Front 17

acromi-

Back 17

acromion; the lateral projection of the shoulder blade

Front 18

cleid-

clavic-

clavicul-

Back 18

clavicle; [collar bone]

Front 19

cost-

Back 19

rib

Front 20

cox-

Back 20

hip; hip joint

Front 21

ili-

Back 21

ilium; [upper pelvic bone]

Front 22

ischi-

Back 22

ischium; [lower pelvic bone]

Front 23

scapul-

Back 23

scapula; [shoulder blade]

Front 24

stern-

Back 24

sternium; [breast bone]

Front 25

carp-

Back 25

carpus; carpal bone; [wrist; wrist bone]

[i.e., either the wrist joint itself, or one or more of the bones which make up the wrist joint]

Front 26

humer-

Back 26

humerus; [upper arm bone]

Front 27

metacarp-

Back 27

metacarpus; metacarpal bone; [bone radiating from the wrist to fingers]

Front 28

olecran-

Back 28

olecranon; [elbow]

Front 29

phalang-

Back 29

phalanx; [finger bone; toe bone]

Front 30

radi-

Back 30

radius; [the shorter of the lower arm bones]

Front 31

uln-

Back 31

ulna; [the longer of the lower arm bones]

Front 32

acetabul-

Back 32

acetabulum; hip bone socket[into which femur fits]

Front 33

calcane-

Back 33

calcaneus; [heel bone]

Front 34

condyl-

Back 34

condyle; [knuckle] [of the fingers or toes]; rounded bone protuberance [which articulates with another bone]

Front 35

femor-

Back 35

femur; [thigh bone]

Front 36

fibul-

Back 36

fibula; [smaller bone of the lower leg]

Front 37

malleol-

Back 37

malleolus; [ankle protuberance]

Front 38

patell-

Back 38

patella; [kneecap]

Front 39

tal-

Back 39

talus; [ankle bone]

Front 40

tars-

Back 40

tarsus; tarsal bone; [ankle; ankle bone]

Front 41

metatars-

Back 41

metatarsus; metatarsal bone; [bone radiating from the ankle to the toes]

Front 42

tibi-

Back 42

tibia; [shin bone]

Front 43

fasci-

Back 43

fascia; connective tissue enclosing a muscle

Front 44

my-

myos-

muscul-

Back 44

muscle

Front 45

pyg-

Back 45

buttock

Front 46

arthr-

articul-

Back 46

joint

Front 47

burs-

Back 47

bursa

Front 48

chondr-

cartilag-

cartilagin-

Back 48

cartilage

Front 49

desm-
syndesm-

Back 49

ligament

Front 50

disk-

Back 50

disk

Front 51

fibr-

fibros-

Back 51

fibrous tissue

Front 52

synovi-

Back 52

synovial fluid; [fluid that lubricates the joint]

Front 53

ten-

tend-

Back 53

tendon

Front 54

ankyl-

Back 54

crooked; bent; stiff; fixed; fused; imperforated

Front 55

lei-

Back 55

smooth

Front 56

rhabd-

Back 56

rod; rod-shaped; skeletal; striated [when rhabd-precedes the root my-, it denotes skeletal or striated muscle; when it is used with other roots, it denotes a rod or rod-shaped structure]

Front 57

skelat-

Back 57

skeletal

Front 58

-agra

Back 58

sudden and severe pain

Front 59

-asthenia

Back 59

absence of strength; weakness

Front 60

-clast

Back 60

instrument used to break

Front 61

-desis

Back 61

surgical immobilization; surgical fusion [if used with the prefix syn-, avoid redundancy by ignoring the prefix]

Front 62

-ferous

Back 62

bearing; containing [preceded by the connecting vowel i]

Front 63

-paresis

Back 63

slight paralysis

Front 64

-phylaxis

Back 64

protection (of something); protection against(something); protection by means of (a substance or process

Front 65

-phylactic

Back 65

protective (of something); protective against (something); protective by means of (a substance or process)

Front 66

-sthenia

Back 66

strength