Root Of Neck: Mon, Oct 2

Front 1

Root of the Neck:

Back 1

**point where neck joins thorax
**inferior aspect of root: superior thoracic aperture which consists of first ribs and their condyl cartilages, manubrium, and body of first thoracic verterbrae

Front 2

Numerous structures:

Back 2

1. subclavian vein
2. subclavian artery and branches
3. phrenic nerve
4. sympathetic chain
5. cervicothroracic ganglion (stellate)
6. middle cervical ganglion
7. superior cervical ganglion
8. thoracic duct
9. inferior belly of omohyoid

Front 3

Muscles of Root: Prevertebral

Back 3

1. Longus coli
*all scalenes lateral
2. Longus capitis
3. Rectus capitis anterior
4. Rectus capitis lateralis

Front 4

3 parts of sublclavian artery:

Back 4

**divided by anterior scalene
1st: medial to
2nd: immediately posterior
3rd: extends to lateral border of first rib

Front 5

1st part of subcalvian: 3 branches

Back 5

1. vertebral-passes superiorly between longus coli and anterior scalene; goes into transverse foramen (C6) up to atlas

2. thyrocervical trunk
a. inferior thyroid-ascending cervical branch, which supplies deep prevertebral muscles
b. transverse cervical- i)superficial transverse cervical branch-supplies trapezius; ii)deep transverse (dorsal scapular)-supplies levator scapulae and rhomboids
c. suprascapular

3. internal thoracic

Front 6

2nd and 3rd parts of subclavian:

Back 6

2nd: Costocervical trunk (divides)- a. supreme intercostal; b. deep posterior cervical

3rd: dorsal scapular (30% from thyrocervical trunk, 70% from 3rd part

Front 7

Interscalene Traiangle:

Back 7

*formed by adjacent borders of anterior and middle scalenes and attach to 1st rib
**Passageway for:
1. root of brachial plexus
2. subclavian artery

Front 8

CC: injury to ascending cervical chain

Back 8

*Horner's Syndrome:
1. Ptosis-drooping of eyelid
2. Dilitation-flushing
3. Anhydrosis-no sweating
4. Myosis-constriction of pupil
5. Enopthalmos-sunken eyelid

Front 9

Thyroid gland:

Back 9

*produces thyroid hormone
*produces calcitonin-regulates metabolism of calcium

Front 10

Parathyroids:

Back 10

**produce parathyroid hormone-regulates calcium and phosphorus
**usually have 2 pair on posterior aspect of thyroid
*can have 1-3 pairs

Front 11

Blood supply to thyroid:

Back 11

Arteries:
1. superior thyroid (from ECA)
2. inferior thyroid

Veins:
1. superior thyroid
2. middle thyroid
3. inferior thyroid

Front 12

CC: tumors of thyroid

Back 12

*can result in hoarseness from damage to recurrent laryngeal nerve

Front 13

Vagus Nerve

Back 13

*Recurrent laryngeal nerve:
1. on right, passes around right subclavian artery
2. on left, passes through arch of aorta deep to ligamentum arteriosum

Front 14

Lymphatic Drainage:

Back 14

1. right lymphatic duct
2. thoracic duct
3. directly into left brachiocephalic vein

Nodes:
a. deep cervical: superior and inferior
b. pretracheal
c. paratracheal