Rome

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Lucius Aemilius Paullus

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. During this year, he defeated Demetrius of Pharos, in the Second Illyrian War and forced him to flee to the court of Philip V of Macedon. He shared the command of the army with Varro at the Battle of Cannae. Varro led out the troops against the advice of Paullus and the battle became a crushing defeat for the Romans.

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Publius Cornelius Scipio Africanus (the Elder)

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He was best known for defeating Hannibal at the final battle of the Second Punic War at Zama. Honored with teh Name Africanus

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Publius Cornelius Scipio Aemilianus Africanus

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won the 3rd punic war, Razed Carthage and promoted greek culture. Scipionic circle

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Quintus Fabius Maximus Verrucosus Cunctator

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Led war of attrition against Hannibal. new type of warfare.

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Fabius Pictor

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One of ROmes earliest historians, first annalist

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Lucius Junius Brutus

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Helped found the Roman republic after the Rape of Lucretia

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Cato the Elder

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One of the few Novus Homo
Cursus Honorum. as Censor he Censored Senate members one notably for kissing his wife in public

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Numa Pompilius

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2nd king of Sabine heritage Construction of the Temple Janus Pontifex Maximus Vestal Virgins

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Perseus

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FOunder of Mycenae
was the first of the heroes of Greek mythology whose exploits in defeating various archaic monsters provided the founding myths of the Twelve Olympians.

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Philip V

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2nd Punic War, tried expanding west but was rebuffed by Rome even though their alliance with Rome preceded other territories

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Pyrrhus of Epirus

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e was one of the strongest opponents of early Rome. Some of his battles, though successful, cost him heavy losses, from which the term "Pyrrhic victory" was coined.

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Servius Tullius

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Compitalia festivals, the building of temples to Fortuna and Diana, and the invention of Rome's first true coinage. Murdered by his own Daughter

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Tarquin the Proud

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7th king Tarquinius Superbus gained the kingship by ordering the assassination of his much-admired predecessor, Servius Tullius. Son raped lucretia

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Auspices

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divine prophetic token

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Battle of Cannae

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2nd punic war Severe loss brought to romans form Hannibal

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Battle of Pydna

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Macedon Vs Rome final destruction of Alexander’s empire and introduced Roman authority over the Near East

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Comitia Centuriata

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Assembly of Roman Soldiers, could grant Imperium. only assembly to declare war

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Decemvirs

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Commitee of 10 men, ie 12 tables

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Dictator

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Created by the Senate, appointed by Consul

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Equestrians

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lower of the two aristocratic classes Cavalry

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Etruscans

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Housed the Tarquins following their expulsion from Rome after the rape of Lucretia. War against Rome to get Tarquin land back

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Fetiales

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Roman Priest, advisor of the Senate

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Fasces

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Symbolism of Power and Jurisdiction. Carried by lictors who followed magistrates

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Manipular Legion

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Phalanx with joints

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Mos Maiorum

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Way of teh Elders, Unwritten code from which social norms wer derived

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Municipia

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Cities under roman control or treatise

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PaterFamilias

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has patria potestas, complete control over his family

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Secession of the PLebs

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General strike, 1st gave tribune 2nd gave 12 tables

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Praetor

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Commander of an Army

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Quaestor

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supervised financial system