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8 Cards in this Set
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What is Romanticism |
-artistic, intellectual movement -very emotional -began in beginning of 18th century -product of middle class, voice of the revolution -idealizes medieval times because they were thought of as closer to nature and free from despotic rulers -nationalism - close to nature, naturalism -exoticism was popular -religion as a aestheticised subject. used religious imagery without sticking to a specific religion -individualism |
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Sturm Und Drang |
-theatre school where Romanticism began -German -attended by both Schiller and Goethe |
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ideas behind Romanticism |
1. beyond earthly existence there is a higher truth/supreme being which is something to be desiredc 2. careful observation of anything gives insight to the whole. the less spoiled/closer to its natural state something is, the more likely it is to embody a fundamental truth 3. human existence is composed of opposites, there is no middle ground. art is a way of freeing oneself of the physical world momentarily and becoming closer to transcending spiritually 4. the artist genius, someone who must create to exist and could provide guidance towards a higher truth. to do this they rejected neoclassical rules to allow for more freedom. many germans looked towards shakespeare. 5, nationalism, individualism are important |
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Gothic Romance |
-first examples of romanticism, first in novels such as "castle of Otranto" by Horace Walpole in 1765 -rejected enlightenment rationalism -emphasis on supernatural - other authors include Edgar Allen po, Anne Radcliffe, ML Lewis |
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Schiller |
-Playwright, 1759-1805 -the Robbers was the most renowned Sturm and Drang play - him and Lessing are avante garde of the time, not very popular -Life has huge affect on plays -grew up in military community going to all boys military school which was more like a prison -theme of a desire for freedom, physical and ideal -The Robbers is his play, still as a pupil at Karlsschule, first appeared in print in 1781 because it had to be smuggles away due to controversial content -sees french revolution and has an intense reflection on tragedy and applying characters to all of humanity |
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Katzebue and Iffland |
- most popular german playwrights of 18th century -wrote prototype of The Well Made Play-non challenging with ligthhearted plots and lots of action |
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Goethe |
-Companion of the son of the duke of saxe-weimar which lead him towards becoming a count and in charge of the duchy of saxe-weimar's mineral resources -artistic directer of lessings theatre company in weimar -thought acting should be taken from classical style, have really good diction and proper speech, like poetry -thought katzebue and Iffland had poor german in their plays which made it hard for actors -did a great deal of opera including the magic flute -looked at effect of tragedy on the audience in teaching amoral lesson |
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Weimar Classicism |
-name for Goethe's method of acting (imitate ancient statuary, speak in poetry -walenstein trilogy by Schiller was the peak -ends with retirement of Goethe in 1875 |
