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41 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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republic
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nation in which power rests with all citizens, has a constitution, and is NOT a monarchy
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senate
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lawmaking body of Rome; highest decision making government in ancient Rome
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consul
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one of two officials elected by the senate to head the government; represents interests in foreign cities
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Assembly
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was controlled by plebeians and had less power than the senate. had te right to elect officers called tribunes, who could veto any senate action they felt was unfair.
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plebeian
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ordinary working person. had right to vote, but could not hold office.
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patrician
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member of nobility who can trace their roots back to the founders of Rome. They can hold government office.
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atrium
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entrance hall of a Roman house; opens into a larger courtyard
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paterfamilias
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father, head of the household; oldest male, most powerful member of the family
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oratory
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the art of public speaking
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aqueduct
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tunnel or bridge used for transporting water--first built in ancient Rome
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gospels
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account of Jesus' life and teachings. 4 gospels form the New Testament
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disciple
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follower of a teacher; helps to spread the ideas and teachings; Christianity=follower of Jesus
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parable
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story that teaches a lesson or illustrates an idea
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crucifixion
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execution by suspension on a cross; usually nailed or tied to a wooden cross
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resurrection
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physical return after death--rising from the dead.
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persecution
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act of being harassed for different beliefs; usually religious or political
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predecessor
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those who come before others in time
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bishop
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Christian official with authority over a region's churches; high ranking member of leadership
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orthodox
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"Right believing" referring to the Christian church that developed in the Eastern Empire. Strict following of established beliefs.
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denomination
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a religious group or sect that shares particular beliefs, forms of worship, and goverment
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Who lived in the Northern area of Italian Peninsula?
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Etruscans. they lived in Etruria, northern area of Italian Peninsula
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Who lived in the center of the Italian Peninsula?
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Latins, they lived in Latium
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Who lived in the Southern area of the Italian peninsula?
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the Greeks
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What were the 2 responsibilities consuls had?
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to lead the army and the government.
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Where did the Carthaginians rule?
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North Africa and part of Spain
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Who was the ruler of Carthage?
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Hannibal
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What does "mare nostrum" mean?
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our sea
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Why did Rome and Carthage fight in the Punic Wars?
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The Carthaginians were afraid they would lose Sicily to the Romans
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How did the Punic Wars end?
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The surrender of Carthage in 241 BCE, then the surrender of Hannibal
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What modern-day countries did Julius Caesar take over?
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France (ancient Gaul), England, and Germany
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What is the name of the Roman consul who fought with Caesar for the control of the government, and what happened to him?
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Pompey, who was murdered in Egypt and his sons were defeated by Caesar in Spain
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Who appointed Caesar dictator and for how long?
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the Roman Senate for 10 years
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Who did Caesar anger and why?
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Caesar angered the patricians because he was taking too much power and control and started to become disrespectful
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How did Caesar die?
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stabbed to death on March 15th, 44 BCE (Ides of March=Middle of March)
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What is a critical priority for any city?
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A constant supply of fresh water
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Did the Romans invent the arch?
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No, they improved it.
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In the event of a drought, who's water would be shut off first?
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The homes of the wealthy because everyone needed water at the public baths
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Why was concrete so useful to the Romans?
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it was a mixture of stone and cement, it could be molded into any shape, and it would retain the strength and solidity of stone at a fraction of the weight and cost
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Why did most rooms in the homes of the wealthy face toward the middle of the house?
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So they were away from the streets and noise. Also, some stores were in front of homes (storefront business)
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What is the purpose of a valerium?
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it provided shade from the sun
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Why did the Roman engineers try to limit the size of the cities?
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Because the city was designed for a specific number of people. It worked better that way.
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