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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
crystallization
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also a chemical solid–liquid separation technique, in which mass transfer of a solute from the liquid solution to a pure solid crystalline phase occurs.
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erosion |
the process of eroding or being eroded by wind, water, or other natural agents.
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igneous rock |
or magmatic rock, is one of the three main rock types, the others being sedimentary and metamorphic. Igneous rock is formed through the cooling and solidification of magma or lava.
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metamorphic rock
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type of rock which has been changed by extreme heat and pressure. Its name is from 'morph' (meaning form), and 'meta' (meaningchange). The original rock gets heated (temperatures greater than 150 to 200 °C) and pressured (1500 bars). This causes profound physical and/or chemical change.
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metamorphism |
alteration of the composition or structure of a rock by heat, pressure, or other natural agency.
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precipitate |
cause (a substance) to be deposited in solid form from a solution.
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rock cycle |
an idealized cycle of processes undergone by rocks in the earth's crust, involving igneous intrusion, uplift, erosion, transportation, deposition as sedimentary rock, metamorphism, remelting, and further igneous intrusion.
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sediment |
matter that settles to the bottom of a liquid; dregs
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sedimentary rock |
Rock that has formed through the deposition and solidification of sediment, especially sediment transported by water (rivers, lakes, and oceans), ice ( glaciers ), and wind. Sedimentary rocks are often deposited in layers, and frequently contain fossils. Note : Limestone and shale are common sedimentary rocks.
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sedimentation |
the process of settling or being deposited as a sediment.
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weathering |
wear away or change the appearance or texture of (something) by long exposure to the air.
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Bowen's reaction series |
schematic description of the order in which minerals form during the cooling and solidification of magma and of the way the newly formed minerals react with the remaining magma to form yet another series of minerals. |
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extrusive |
relating to or denoting rock that has been extruded at the earth's surface as lava or other volcanic deposits.
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felsic |
relating to or denoting a group of light-colored minerals including feldspar, feldspathoids, quartz, and muscovite.
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fractional cyrstallization
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is one of the most important geochemical and physical processes operating within the Earth's crust and mantle. ... Fractional crystallization is the removal and segregation from a melt of mineral precipitates; except in special cases, removal of the crystals changes the composition of the magma.
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intrusive
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causing disruption or annoyance through being unwelcome or uninvited
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mafic |
relating to, denoting, or containing a group of dark-colored, mainly ferromagnesian minerals such as pyroxene and olivine.
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partical melting |
occurs when only a portion of a solid is melted. For mixed substances, such as a rock containing several different minerals or a mineral that displays solid solution, this melt can be different from the bulk composition of the solid.
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pluton |
a body of intrusive igneous rock.
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porphyritic
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relating to or denoting a rock texture, typically found in volcanic rocks, containing distinct crystals or crystalline particles embedded in a fine-grained ground mass.
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volcanic rock |
is a rock formed from magma erupted from avolcano. In other words, it differs from other igneous rockby being of volcanic origin.
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biochemical sedimentary rock
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is a general term that indicates loose grains (such as the sand at the beach) and chemical precipitates (such as crystals of salt). Sedimentary rocks can be subdivided in three categories: clastic, chemical, and biochemical sedimentary rocks.
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cementation |
the binding together of particles or other things by cement.
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chemical sedimentary rocks
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precipitation of minerals from water. Precipitation is when dissolved materials come out of water. For example: Take a glass of water and pour some salt (halite) into it. ... This is a common way for chemical sedimentary rocks to form and the rocks are commonly called evaporites.
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clastic
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denoting rocks composed of broken pieces of older rocks.
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