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32 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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President Roosevelt & conservation
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Some of Theodore Roosevelt's greatest accomplishments were in conservation. In 1905, President Roosevelt formed the United States Forestry Service and appointed Gifford Pinchot as the first chief of this new agency. Under TR's direction, lands were reserved for public use and huge irrigation projects were started. During Roosevelt's time as President, the forest reserves in the U.S. went from approximately 43-million acres to about 194-million acres. EFFECT: established national parks and animal wildlife refuges.
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Sherman anti-trust act
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A federal anti-monopoly and anti-trust statute, passed in 1890 as and amended by the Clayton Act in 1914 which prohibits activities that restrict interstate commerce and competition in the marketplace. EFFECT: makes it against the law to create monopolies /industry monopolies
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Temperance movement
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The temperance movement of the 19th and early 20th centuries was an organized effort to encourage moderation in the consumption of intoxicating liquors or press for complete abstinence. The movement's ranks were mostly filled by women who, with their children, had endured the effects of unbridled drinking by many of their menfolk. In fact, alcohol was blamed for many of society's demerits, among them severe health problems, destitution and crime. At first, they used moral suasion to address the problem. EFFECT: led to the creation of the 18th amendment
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Muckrakers
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muckrakers, name applied to American journalists, novelists, and critics who in the first decade of the 20th cent. EFFECT: helped lead to political and social improvements in the U.S. During the progressive era
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The Jungle
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In 1904, in the midst of a bitter stockyard strike, socialist writer Upton Sinclair’s two-month visit to Chicago’s “Packingtown” area provided him with a wealth of material that he turned into his best-selling novel, The Jungle. The book is best known for revealing the unsanitary process by which animals became meat products. EFFECT: led to laws to clean up the meat packing industry and the Pure Food and Drug Act
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Open door policy
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The Open Door Policy is a policy that was set in 1899 in foreign affairs allowing multiple Imperial powers access to China, with none of them in control of the country. It stated that the United States, and all European nations could trade with China. The Open Door Policy is generally associated with China but it was also recognized at the Berlin Conference of 1885. EFFECT: led to the boxer rebellion
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Boxer rebellion
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a member of a Chinese secret society that carried on an unsuccessful uprising, 1898–1900 (Boxer Rebellion) principally against foreigners, culminating in a siege of foreign legations in Peking that was put down by an international expeditionary force. EFFECT: the rebellion made china weak and led to the fall of China's dynasty's and into a republic.
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U.S. Trade with japan
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Japan–United States relations (日米関係 Nichibeikankei?), are the relations between the United States and Japan. Today the United States and Japan have firm and very active political, economic and military relationships. The United States considers Japan to be one of its closest allies and partners[1][2] and the Japanese in turn have expressed appreciation for the consistent support of the United States.[3]
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Rough riders
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Before becoming President of the United States, Theodore Roosevelt was the Assistant Secretary of the Navy. He resigned in 1898 to organize the Rough Riders, the first voluntary cavalry in the Spanish-American War. The U.S. was fighting against Spain over Spain's colonial policies with Cuba. Roosevelt recruited a diverse group of cowboys, miners, law enforcement officials, and Native Americans to join the Rough Riders. They participated in the capture of Kettle Hill, and then charged across a valley to assist in the seizure of San Juan Ridge, the highest point of which is San Juan Hill.
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Spanish American war
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The Spanish–American War was a conflict in 1898 between Spain and the United States, the result of American intervention in the Cuban War of Independence. American attacks on Spain's Pacific possessions led to involvement in the Philippine Revolution and ultimately to the Philippine–American War.
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Trench warfare & first weapons
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Poison gas was probably the most feared of all weapons in World War One. Poison gas was indiscriminate and could be used on the trenches even when no attack was going on. Whereas the machine gun killed more soldiers overall during the war, death was frequently instant or not drawn out and soldiers could find some shelter in bomb/shell craters from gunfire. A poison gas attack meant soldiers having to put on crude gas masks and if these were unsuccessful, an attack could leave a victim in agony for days and weeks before he finally succumbed to his injuries.
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German submarine warfare
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Naval warfare is divided into three operational areas: surface warfare, air warfare and underwater warfare. The latter may be subdivided into submarine warfare and anti-submarine warfare as well as mine warfare and mine countermeasures. Each area comprises specialized platforms and strategies used to exploit tactical advantages unique and inherent to that area.
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Spark of WWI
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The spark that started World War I was the assassination of Austria's Archduke Franz Ferdinand and his wife Sophie. The assassination occurred on June 28, 1914 while Ferdinand was visiting the city of Sarajevo in the Austro-Hungarian province of Bosnia-Herzegovina.
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4 causes of WWI
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Militarism
Nationalism Imperialism Alliances |
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Panama Canal
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An artificial waterway across the isthmus of panama completed by the U.S. In 1914
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Dollar Diplomacyg
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Influencing governments through economic, not military, intervention.
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Roosevelt corollary
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Theodore Roosevelt's addition to the Monroe doctrine warning nations in the Americas that if they didn't pay their debts the us would get involved
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Buying on margin
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The process
Of purchasing stock with credit |
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Black Tuesday
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The most catastrophic stock market crash in the history of the United States, Black Tuesday took place on October 29, 1929 and was when the price of stocks completely collapsed
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Business cycle
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The rhythm in which an economy expands and contracts it's production
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Great Depression
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The Great Depression (1929-39) was the deepest and longest-lasting economic downturn in the history of the Western industrialized world
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New deal
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The Great Depression in the United States began on October 29, 1929, a day known forever after as “Black Tuesday,” when the American stock market–which had been roaring steadily upward for almost a decade–crashed, plunging the country into its most severe economic downturn yet. Speculators lost their shirts; banks failed; the nation’s money supply diminished; and companies went bankrupt and began to fire their workers in droves
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Fireside chats
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President Franklin D. Roosevelt, who took office in early 1933, would become the only president in American history to be elected to four consecutive terms
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Tennessee valley authority
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The Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA) is a federally owned corporation in the United States created by congressional charter in May 1933 to provide navigation, flood control, electricity generation, fertilizer manufacturing, and economic development in the Tennessee Valley, a region particularly affected by the Great Depression.
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Social security act
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a law passed in 1935 providing old-age retirement insurance, a federal-state program of unemployment compensation, and federal grants for state welfare programs.
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Dust bowl
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The Dust Bowl was the name given to the Great Plains region devastated by drought in 1930s depression-ridden America.
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Bonus army
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The Bonus Army was the popular name of an assemblage of some 43,000 marchers—17,000 World War I veterans, their families, and affiliated groups—who gathered in Washington, D.C., in the spring and summer of 1932 to demand cash-payment redemption of their service certificates.
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Zimmermann telegram
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The message came as a coded telegram dispatched by the Foreign Secretary of the German Empire, Arthur Zimmermann, on January 16, 1917. The message was sent to the German ambassador to Mexico, Heinrich von Eckardt.
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Selective service act
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The Selective Service Act or Selective Draft Act authorized the federal government to raise a national army for the American entry into World War I through conscription.
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Bolsheviks & Russia withdraws from WWI
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OIn march 1918 Russia signed the Treaty of Brest-litovsk, a peace agreement with the central powers. A civil war then broke out in Russia between the communists and forces loyal to the czar, Russia's emperor. The U.S. And other allied countries sant aid to the czarist forces. EFFECT: Russia was forced to withdraw from WWI
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14 points plan
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President Wilson created the League of Nations. Congress did not like the plan. Europe didn't like the plan because it did not punish Germany. League of Nations was part of the treaty of Versailles. President Wilson wins the Nobel peace prize in 1919 for his peace making efforts
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Treaty of versailles
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The Treaty of Versailles was the peace settlement signed after World War One had ended in 1918 and in the shadow of the Russian Revolution and other events in Russia. Ended WW. Germany took full blame for WWI. Germany has to pay $30 billion in reparations. Congress didn't sign the treaty
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