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21 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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According to newest literature what is the following?
a. normal BP b. Pre-hypertension c. HTN d. stage 1 e. stage 2 |
a. <120/80
b. 120-140/80-90 c. >140/90 d. 140-159/90-99 e. >160/100 |
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Are races more likely to show HTN?
What sex is more likely to get HTN? |
Blacks are more
- after age 55 women more likely otherwise men |
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What are the most common bad things related to HTN?
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heart disease (leading cause of death US)
stroke (3rd leading cause of death US) |
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What are the related risk factors for development of HTN?
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a. excess body weight
b. excess dietary sodium intake c. excess alcohol intake d. reduced physical activity e. inadequate intake of fruit, vegs, potassium |
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what is a public health idea to improve recognition of the importance of prehyptertension
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1. educating patients to take care of their problems early
2. knowing that SBP is more important than diastolic monitering |
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Is it important to bring people's BP down that is above 120 but below 140?
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yes significant number of CVD occurs in people with BP not aboved 140/90
Also a 5mm Hg reduction in SBP reduces stroke, CHD, and mortality |
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a. JNC 7 suggests what for periodic screening?
b. with someone with readings <120/80mmHg c. reading >120/80 |
a. recommended for all persons ages 18 and up
b. every 2 years c. every year checked |
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What should be avoided to get an accurate assessment of BP?
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avoid Caffeine, exercise, smoking 30 mins prior to measurement
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What type of evidence is there for children and adolescents to get BP during office visits
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Type B ("fair evidence")
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How many measurements etc are needed to diagnose HTN?
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-at least 2 measurements using the average recording
- try to get evidence for other Cardiovascular or other organ damage - then council, consider all things before using drugs |
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According to the 6th JNC report... someone with no risk factors: no TOD (target organ damage), CCD (clinical cardiovascular disease) and... BP
a. 130-39 b. 140-59 c. >160 |
a. lifestyle modification
b. lifestyle modification 12mo c. drug therapy |
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Risk group B tx plan (at least 1 risk factor: not including Diabetes, NO TOD/CCD)
a. 130-39 b. 140-59 c. >160 |
a. lifstyle
b. lifestyle modification up to 6 month c. drug therapy |
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According to the 6th JNC report... someone with Risk Group C TOD/CCD, and or diabetes with or without other risks
a. 130-39 b. 140-59 c. >160 |
a. drug therapy
b. drug therapy c. drug therapy |
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BMI of what is closely related to increased BP
- what weight loss causes BP levels to lower in most fattys? |
BMI- 27 or greater
- 10 lbs reduced BP in most |
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Alcohol intake and BP?
Men vs. women? |
Excess alcohol intake is an important risk factor for high
blood pressure, can cause resistance to therapy, and is a risk factor for stroke • No more than 2 drinks per day for men and 1 drink per day for women |
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What is the recommended amount of Na per day?
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<6 g NaCl or 2.4g Na
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What is the correlation between potassium intake and HTN?
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- high potassium may protect against developing HTN and imrove BP in people with HTN
- same with Ca |
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What is the relationship between Physical activity and BP or HTN?
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Sedentary individuals have a 20-50% increased risk of developing hypertension compared
• Blood pressure can be lowered with moderately intense physical activity. (such as 30-45 minutes of brisk walking most days of the week) |
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List in order of the following as far as SBP reduction by adopting them...
(Moderate alcohol, physical act, adopt DASH eating diet, weight reduction, dietary sodium reduction) |
greatest to smallest effect
weight reduction, DASH diet, sodium reduction, physical activity, moderation of alcohol |
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If money is an issue with pt what two drugs are appropriate to start for HTN?
Black people may benefit more from? |
diuretic or beta-blocker, ideally 24 hr once a day medication
- black people benefit from diuretics and calcium channel blockers than B-blocker or ACE inhibitors |
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Describe the ALLHAT trial?
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tried to determine if treatment with Ca channel blocker or ACE inhibitor reduces incidence of CHD or CVD vs. diuretic treatments
- diuretics are cheaper Results showed that Diuretics were just as good if not better on SBP control |
