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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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RNA |
A nucleic acid that consists of a long chain of nucleotides |
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Messenger RNA |
The RNA molecules that carries copies of these instructions |
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Ribosomal RNA |
A subunit |
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Transfer RNA |
A third type of RNA molecule that transfers each amino acid to the ribosome |
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Transcription |
The process in which segments of DNA serve as template to produce complementary RNA molecules |
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RNA Polymerase |
An enzyme similar to DNA polymerase |
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Promoters |
Regions of DNA that have specific base sequence |
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Introns |
The portions that are cut out and discarded |
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Exons |
The remaining pieces in RNA editing |
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13.2 |
13.2 |
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Polypeptide |
Long chain of amino acid |
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Genetic Code |
A language with just four letters A, C, G, U |
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Codon |
Each three-letter "word" in mRNA |
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Translation |
The process in which the mRNA message is decoded into a protein |
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Anticodon |
The three unpaired bases |
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Gene Expression |
The way in which DNA, RNA, and proteins are involved in putting genetic information into action in living cells |
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13.3 |
13.3 |
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Mutation |
Heritable changes in genetic information |
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Point Mutation |
Gene mutations that involve changes in one or a few nucleotides |
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Frameshift Mutation |
Intertions and deletions |
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Mutagen |
Chemical or physical agents in the enviorment |
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Polyploidy |
The condition in which an organism has extra sets of chromosomes |
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13.4 |
13.4 |
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Operon |
A group of genes that are regulated together |
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Operator |
The site where a DNA-binding protein known as the lac repressor can cind to DNA |
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RNA Interference |
Blocking gene expression by means of an miRNA silencing complex is known as ________ |
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Differentiation |
Becoming specialized in structure and function |
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Homeotic Gene |
A set of master control genes that regulate organs that develope in specific parts of the body |
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Homeobox Gene |
A 180 base DNA sequence.(Code for transcription factors that activate other genes that are important in cell development.) |
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Hox Gene |
A group of homeobox genes |
