Rma Terminology

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Chapter 1 :


Medical Terminology Is the language of medicine, spoken in clinics and hospitals throughout the world by people in health care professions.


It is a language that includes world and punctuation, vocabulary, and grammar, much like these of Spanish and German .


in order to learn medical terminology, you must learn the rules and practice speaking and squirt. Only then you can hope to understand and properly speak medical terminology.


opening the first pages of this book, you have taken the first step in this direction.

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Medical terminology has a fascinating history.


It developed gradually over the years, mainly from older languages.


It began nearly 3,000 years ago when Hippocrates, the ancient Greek father of medicine, and Aristotle, ancient Greek father philosophy, begin describing ail ments and parts of the body.


they used their language to describe what they saw.


For an example Aristotle used the Greek word diaphragm, which means partition or barrier , to describe the sheet of muscle dividing thoracic cavity from the abdominal cavity.


During the Roman era that followed, the dominant language of Latin.


As Romans and this contemporaries expanded their knowledge of the body, they use the Greek word that were already established and added their own Latin words to describe what they saw.


in post Roman Empire, Greek and Latin words were still used to build new term, but occasionally French, Italian, English and other languages word part worth also used as knowledge for the body and medicine gradually expanded.


By the end of the 19th century, the spectacular growth of Medicine knowledge created the need to add many more terms.


To keep the expanding terminology understandable throughout the world , the medical community agreed to continue the established method of creating new names by using many Greek and Latin word parts.


The medical community also begin using eponyms, which are words based on the personal name of people, to describe a disease or body post.


For an example Hodgkin lymphoma is a type of cancer that was first described by William Hodgkin, a British physician.


In more recent times, acronyms, which are words created from abbreviation or the first letter of a group of words, where also used to from medical terms.


An example of a acronyms CT scan, which is built from the words computer tomography scan.


In today's world, medical and scientific knowledge continues advancing at a rapid rate, the new times are beginning added to keep peace with the change.


for the most part, new terms are created using old formulas of Greek and Latin word parts for the fake us consistency.


As you are about to learn, they use as these word parts enable people in the healthcare field to understand the meaning of the terms, reducing the need to rely on their skills of memorization.


the key to understanding constructed terms is to first learn the meaning of various word parts.


when you have a key to a code, it is fairly simple process to decode messages or to use the code to from messages yourself.


The same way, once you know the meaning of the individual words part, you have the key to unlocking the medical terminology code.


You can unlock the code by breaking down complex terms into individual word parts, and can use the code to form medical terms by assembling word heart yourself.

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Word history :


some Latin and Greek words are very similar to using everyday English and, in fact, are origin of English for an example the Latin word for curves curvo, which mean to Bend and the contemporary word plastic comes from Greek word Plasticos, which mean compatible bien molded.


some other examples of english words are divided from other languages roof from the old Norse hrof, law from the anglo-saxon word lagu, and plate from the Old French word from a black object, plat.

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Although many medical terms are composed of multiple Greek and Latin word parts, others are not.


These exceptions may be found by only one Greek or Latin word part, they may be composed of words divided from other languages, or they may be in the form of eponyms, acronyms or abbreviations.


the two major types of medical terms comedies composed ( these composed as many word parts and fees that are not ).


Construct ed words and non constructed words.


Most medical terms are composed of more than one Greek or Latin word part.

aternatively, they may be formed by single Latin or Greek word part, by words from other languages, or by eponyms, acronyms, or abbreviation.

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the four word part :


Are you have learned, many many returns are compose from one or more word parts that have Greek or Latin origin.


there are four type of word parts :

Word root,

prefixes,

suffixes,

combining vowels,

For the purpose of classification, word parts are often separated from one another within a word by A forward slash so that you may see how the word is constructed.


For an example, the word
" shirttail " has two word part and maybe shown as shirt / tail.

also the medical term appendicitis has two word parts and may be shown as
appendic / itis.


in the term antineoplastic
( anti / neo / plast / Ic ) , there are four word parts.


in the following sections, you will learn about the four types of word parts and how they may be assembled to from a constructed term.


Word roots : a word root is the part of the word that contains it primary meaning.


The word root is the main body or core and forward.


Because the root carries the words he are in ary meaning, a medical term usually contain at least 1 or more word root.

for an example, the word abnormal can be shown as:

( ab / norm / al ).


Abnormal me pertaining to away from a normal day.


The word root is norm because it carries the word's pertain to primary meaning.

The medical term bilateral can be shown as:

( bi / later / al )


Bilateral mean pertaining to two side. The word part latter, wish me in side is the route because it contain your word's primary meaning.

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Because the Greeks and Romans used their language to describe the body structure as they learned about them, there is a fundamental relationship between word roots.


Word roots which carries term primary meaning and the name given to anatomical structure by the Greeks and Romans.


Let's look at the structure of the body to illustrate it concept.


The term cochlea is Latin word that means snail shell.


Cochlea it's found in the ear. The shape of the conchea looks as a snail shell.


another example is the Appendix, which in a Latin word that means to hang on to.


Pretend this is a small structure that seems to hang on to the end of the large intestine, simply, the term uvula is developed from the Latin word that means grape.


the uvula looks like a grape attached to the roof of the mouth.



Some words on common used to construct medical terminology in and defined in the following table. this list represents a small sample of the words you will learn.

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arter ,

arteri :

artery.


arthr ,


joint.


card,

cardi :


heart.


gastr:


stomach.


hepat:


liver.


later:



side.


oste :


bone.


parh:


disease.


tens:


pressure.


ven:


vein.

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Prefixes :


A prefix is the word part that is placed by the root to modify its meaning. the word prefix literally means to fix at the beginning of the word. so familiar word abnormal , which can be shown as :


( ab / norm / al ).


ab , which means away from. it is the prefix because it is placed before the root to modify the word meaning. the medical terms intervenous can be shown as :

( Intra / ven / ous ).



intravenous mean pertaining to within a vein. The prefix is intra which means within it is the prefix because it is placed before the root to modify the words meaning.


ab:


Away from.


bi:


two.


Endo:


Within.


Hyper:


Excessive, at normally high, above.


Hypo:


Under, below normal.


Intra:


Within.


Pre:


Before.


Posts:


After.


Sub:


Belong, beneath.

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Combining vowels and combining forms:


A combining vowel is a word part that is used to come by and other parts in forming a word, but it does not modify the meaning of the word.


The combining vowels is usually " O " , although I and E are sometimes used. The vawels is used between two word root or between a word root and a suffix.


in most cases, is used when the suffix or second word root begin with a consonant. It is not used between a prefix and word root.



In each case, a combined in battle is used to he's pronunciation of a word.



for example, the medical term gastrology can be shown as:

( gastr / o / logy ).


gastr is the word wait, logy is the suffix, and o is the combined in the house. The term mean study of the stomach. Noticed that I'm using the combining now uses the pronunciation of the term. It's much easier to say gastrology then gastrlogy.


The medical term a I t e r I o v me and only you and candy soon as :

( arteri / o / ven / ous ).


In this time, the combining vowel connect the chew word roots, arteri and Ven.


The medical term osteopath why can be shown as:


( Osteo /o / pathy ).

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h

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ab

Back 6

away From

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ad

Back 7

toward

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a ;
an

Back 8

Without ,
absence of

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ant

Back 9

against ,
opposing

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de

Back 10

not

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di

Back 11

double

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dia

Back 12

through

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e

Back 13

to remove

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en

Back 14

within,
upon,
on,
over.

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dys

Back 15

bad,

abnormal,

painful,

difficult.

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ante

Back 16

before

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ana

Back 17

up ,
toward ,
apart

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anti

Back 18

against ,
opposing

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hemi

Back 19

one half

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ep ; epi

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upon ,
over ,
above ,
on top .

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end ; endo

Back 21

within,

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brady

Back 22

slow

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ex ; exo

Back 23

outside ,
away From

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eu

Back 24

normal ,
good .

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bi ;
bin

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two