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23 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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levels of organization in a biosphere
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electron- negativley charged part of an atom
molecule- two or more atoms connected by a bond organelles- a cell's organs (ex: golgi bodies) cells- basic unit of living matter tissues- cooperative unit of many cells that preform a specific function organs- consists of several tissues, adapted as a group to preform specific functions organ systems- group of organs that work together to preform specific body functions organism- individual living thing species- group of organisms with similar anatomical characteristics and the ability to interbreed population- interacting individuals belonging to the same species in around the same geographical area community- all the living things in an area ecosystem- all living and nonliving things in an area biosphere- entire portion of earth inhabited by life |
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biology
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scientific study of life
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the two approaches of studying biology
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discovery science- describes life by observing and gathering data (ex- human genome project)
hypothesis based science- observations lead to questions and the proposing and testing of a hypothesis using deductive reasoning, able to make conclusions if hypothesis seems true (ex- lab done in class with color changing liquids in test tubes) |
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scientific method
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1. observations
2. questions- gather info 3. hypothesis- can be in "if... than..." form, tentative explanation of a phenomenon 4. predictions- what you think will happen when you test the hypothesis 5. test the hypothesis and collect data 6. conclusions- analyze data and form conclusions |
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2 kinds of data
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quantitative- a number, can be counted (es- weight)
qualitative- a description from your senses (ex- color) |
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2 things necessary to a good hypothesis
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falsifiable and testable
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controlled experiment
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compares a control group to an experimental group; includes independent and dependent variables
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independent and dependent variablea
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independent- I change
dependent- reacting l dep. l l_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ind. |
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energy's path
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sun- producers- consumers- decomposers
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chemicals and nutrients in our ecosystems
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get recycled and reused in a continuous system
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producers' energy
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- energy gotten from sun
-convert light energy into chemical energy -process is called phjotosynthesis |
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consumers' energy
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-get energy from eating plants
-convert chemical energy into chemical energy -process called digestion |
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cell theory
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- all living things have cells
-cells are the basic units of life -all cells come from cells |
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properties of living things
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-can reproduce
-exhibit complex organization -regulate internal conditions (homeostasis) -have DNA -have cells -response to environmental stimuli -obtain and use energy -evolution |
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homeostasis
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-an organism's ability to regulate their internal conditions
-ex- sweating |
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metabolism
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-how organisms use energy
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2 types of cells
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prokaryotic- contain domains archaea and bacteria, no nucleus, no organelles, very small, unicellular only
eukaryotic- contains domain eukarya, has nucleus, has organelles, large in comparison, can be unicellular or unicellular * both have DNA and a cell membrane |
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3 domains
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archaea- extremophyles
bacteria- bacterias (germs) eukarya- fungi, plants, animals, protist (aeboeba) |
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kingdoms
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monera-bacteria (germs) and archaea (extremophyles)
protista- amoeba fungi- mushrooms plantea- sunflowers, cacti animalia- dogs, humans, sheep |
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protest
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part of protista family, microorganisms like amoebas
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areas of biology
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biology- scientific study of life
evolution- gradual process in which something changes into a different and usually more complex or better form genetics- the study of heredity and the variation of inherited characteristics ecology- the branch of biology that deals with the relations of organisms to one another and to their physical surroundings |
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how technology influences science
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environmental problems, genetic engineering, medicine, saves lives, money, and creates new innovation
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medical technology
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+x-ray- see bones and skeleton
+CT scan- diagnostic tools, computer manipulated image +MRI- magnetic resonance imaging, allows visualization of soft tissues +PET- shows metabolic process, position emission tomograpy |
