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22 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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3 main ways that materials on a slope can fail?
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Falling, Sliding, or Flow
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What is a Landslide?
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The failure and downward or outward movement of a body of rock or sediment under the influence of gravity
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What is the factor of safety?
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The ratio of resisting forces to driving forces, if greater than 1 the slope is stable
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When are slumps most common?
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In unconsolidated sediment and mudstone
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List 2 reasons vegetation is important to slope stability?
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1. Provides protective cover
2. Plant roots add strength and cohesion to slope materials |
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What is colluvium?
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loose bodies of sediment that have been deposited or built up at the bottom of a low-grade slope or against a barrier
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What is talus?
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a steep, concave slope consisting of an accumulation of rock fragments
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What are the two types of floods?
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Flash flood and Regional flood
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Name 5 primary effects of flooding
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Loss of life, damage to homes/buildings, damage to crops and farms, debris and sediment inundation, injury
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Name 5 secondary effects of flooding
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Pollution, hunger, displacement of people, loss of services, contamination
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What is Channelization?
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The straightening, deepening, widening, and clearing and lining of existing stream channels
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What is a bedding plane?
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The surface at which two beds, layers, or strata join in stratified rocks
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What is scarp?
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A very steep bank or slope
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Describe a Levee
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A berm or embankment in or around a river or stream which can be man-made or natural and is helpful to preventing floods
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What are the 3 phases of a Wildfire?
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Pre-Ignition, Combustion, and Extinction
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Explain the 2 phases of Pre-Ignition
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Preheating happens when the plants lose water through heat and become ignitable, Pyrolysis occurrs when the heat splits large hydrocarbon molecules into small ones
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What are 2 types of Wildfires?
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Surface and Crown. Surface fires are close to the ground and involve shrubs, leaves, twigs, etc. Crown fires move rapidly through the forest canopy by flaming combustion
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What are 4 components of Wildfire Management?
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Scientific Research, Data Collection, Education, and Use of Prescribed Burns
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What is a Fire Regime?
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An indicator of the likely hood of a fire due to the the amount of fuel, location, climate, etc.
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What is a Hotshot?
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A team of professional firefighters
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What is Discharge?
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The area of the river x the volume it is carrying
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What was the premise of the film Firewars?
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Based on the "Big Blowup", a fire in 1910 which killed 85, and burned 3 million acres
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